Learn Hardcore Ukrainian: Офіціант приносить меню на стіл.

Accusative to show motion/direction (answering “where to?”): на стіл (onto the table).
Locative to show location (answering “where?”): на столі (on the table).

Why does стіл look the same in the accusative as in the nominative?

For inanimate masculine nouns, the accusative equals the nominative. Only animate masculine nouns take the genitive form in the accusative (e.g., бачу брата, “I see (my) brother”).

What’s the difference between на стіл and до столу?

на стіл = onto the surface of the table (focus on placement on top).
до столу = to the table (toward/at the table; not necessarily onto the surface). In restaurants, до столу can be more natural when you mean bringing something to guests at their table, while на стіл emphasizes putting it on the tabletop.

Could I say Офіціант приносить меню до столу instead? Is it correct?

Yes, it’s correct. It would mean “The waiter brings the menu to the table,” without specifying that it is placed on the tabletop.

Why is it приносить and not принесе?

приносить is imperfective present: ongoing or habitual action (“brings/is bringing”).
принесе is perfective and has future meaning: “will bring.” Perfective verbs don’t have a true present tense in Ukrainian.

Does приносить mean “brings” or “is bringing” in English?

It can mean either, depending on context. Ukrainian doesn’t have a separate continuous form. To stress a current ongoing action, you can add an adverb like зараз (now) or use несе (is carrying) for the process: Офіціант несе меню (the waiter is carrying the menu).

Could I use несе instead of приносить here?

Yes: Офіціант несе меню на стіл focuses on the process of carrying right now. Приносить focuses on the act of bringing to a destination (either habitual or in-progress, by context).

Why doesn’t меню change form? Shouldn’t it have a case ending?

Меню is an indeclinable loanword; its form doesn’t change in any case. It’s typically neuter in the singular, but the same form can also be used for plural contexts.

How do I show plural for меню (“menus”)?

Use determiners/quantifiers/adjectives to signal plurality:

ці меню (these menus)
кілька меню / декілька меню (several menus)
нові меню (new menus — plural adjective)

What gender is меню, and how does agreement work?

Singular меню is neuter: нове меню, смачне меню. For plural meaning, use plural agreement: ці нові меню.

Why is Офіціант in the nominative? Could it be офіціанта?

The subject takes nominative: офіціант. Офіціанта is genitive/accusative and would be used if “waiter” were the object (e.g., бачу офіціанта).

How is приносити conjugated in the present?

я приношу
ти приносиш
він/вона/воно приносить
ми приносимо
ви приносите
вони приносять

Can I change the word order?

Yes, Ukrainian allows flexible word order for emphasis:

Neutral: Офіціант приносить меню на стіл.
Focus on destination: На стіл офіціант приносить меню.
Focus on the object: Меню офіціант приносить на стіл. All are grammatical; context determines what sounds most natural.

Why not use в стіл instead of на стіл?

в стіл means “into the table,” which is odd for placing an item on a surface. на стіл specifically means “onto the table (surface).”

What verbs would I use for “puts the menu on the table”?

класти/покласти (lay/put down horizontally): Офіціант кладе меню на стіл.
ставити/поставити (set upright objects): Офіціант ставить склянку на стіл.

How do I say it in the past or future?

Past (perfective): Офіціант приніс меню на стіл (m.), Офіціантка принесла меню на стіл (f.), Вони принесли меню на стіл (pl.).
Future (perfective): Офіціант принесе меню на стіл.

How do I politely ask a waiter to bring the menu?

Принесіть, будь ласка, меню.
Можна меню, будь ласка?

Where is the stress, and any pronunciation tips?

офіціа́нт (stress on -а́; “ts” sound for ці)
прино́сить (stress on -но́-)
меню́ (stress on -ю́)
стіл (long “ee” for і; clear “l”) You can read it as: oh-fih-tsi-AHNT pry-NO-syt meh-NYOO steel.