Breakdown of Він сумлінний студент, який завжди ретельно готується до екзаменів.
до
to
він
he
завжди
always
готуватися
to prepare
який
who
студент
the student
сумлінний
diligent
ретельно
thoroughly
екзамен
the exam
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Questions & Answers about Він сумлінний студент, який завжди ретельно готується до екзаменів.
What does the word сумлінний mean in this sentence?
It means diligent or conscientious. This adjective describes someone who works hard and takes responsibility seriously—in this case, the student is portrayed as dedicated in his studies.
Why is there a comma before the relative clause starting with який?
The comma separates the main clause from the relative clause. The clause який завжди ретельно готується до екзаменів provides extra information about the student. Ukrainian punctuation rules require a comma before such subordinate clauses that add descriptive details.
How does the adverb ретельно function in this sentence?
Ретельно means thoroughly or carefully. It modifies the verb готується, indicating the manner in which the student prepares for exams. It emphasizes that his preparation is meticulous and detailed.
What is the role of the reflexive verb form готується, and what does it signify?
The verb готується comes from the reflexive verb готуватися, which means to prepare oneself. Its reflexive form highlights that the student is actively engaging in his own preparation. Coupled with завжди (always), it underscores that preparing carefully for exams is a habitual action for him.
Why is екзаменів in the genitive case?
In Ukrainian, the preposition до (meaning "to" or "for") typically requires the following noun to be in the genitive case. Thus, екзаменів is the genitive plural form of екзамен, showing that the student prepares for exams.
How does the structure of this Ukrainian sentence compare to its English equivalent?
The structure is quite similar. Like in English—for example, "He is a diligent student who always prepares carefully for exams"—the adjective precedes the noun, and the relative clause following the noun (introduced by який) provides additional information. Additionally, commas are used in a similar way to set off the relative clause, making the overall sentence construction familiar to English speakers.