Breakdown of Петро виразив подяку своїм друзям.
Петро
Petro
друг
the friend
свій
his
виразити
to express
подяка
the gratitude
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Questions & Answers about Петро виразив подяку своїм друзям.
What does виразив mean in this sentence?
Виразив is the past tense of the perfective verb виразити, meaning "expressed." It indicates that Petro completed the action of expressing gratitude.
Why is the noun подяку in the accusative case here?
Подяку is in the accusative case because it functions as the direct object of the verb виразив. In Ukrainian, direct objects are marked with the accusative case.
Why is the phrase своїм друзям in the dative case rather than the accusative?
In Ukrainian, when you express gratitude, the person or group receiving that gratitude is marked with the dative case. Своїм друзям means "to his friends," showing that the friends are the indirect object of the action.
What role does the possessive adjective своїм play in this sentence?
Своїм is a possessive adjective that agrees in gender, number, and case with друзям. It emphasizes that the friends belong to Petro, reinforcing that the gratitude is directed toward his own friends.
How does the word order in this Ukrainian sentence compare to English sentence structure?
Both Ukrainian and English can follow a Subject-Verb-Object pattern. In this sentence, Петро is the subject, виразив is the verb, and подяку is the direct object, with своїм друзям (in the dative case) indicating the recipient. However, Ukrainian relies on case markings to clarify relationships, which allows for more flexibility in word order without losing meaning.