Я сиджу поруч з вікном.

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Breakdown of Я сиджу поруч з вікном.

• сидіти: to sit
• вікно: the window
• з: with
• поруч: next to

Questions & Answers about Я сиджу поруч з вікном.

What does each word in the sentence mean?

Breaking it down: Я means I; сиджу is the first person singular present form of the verb сидіти (to sit), which in Ukrainian covers both simple present and present continuous; поруч means next to or beside; з is a preposition meaning with (used here to denote proximity); and вікном is the instrumental singular form of вікно (window). Together, they translate to “I am sitting next to the window.”

Why is the noun “вікном” in the instrumental case instead of the nominative?

In Ukrainian, when a noun follows the preposition з in contexts expressing location or accompaniment, it typically appears in the instrumental case. This case indicates a relationship (often “with” or “by”) between the action and the object—in this case, showing that the sitting is occurring next to the window.

How does the verb “сиджу” express a current action even though Ukrainian lacks a distinct continuous tense?

Ukrainian uses the simple present form to express both habitual and ongoing actions. The form сиджу can mean “I sit” in a general sense or “I am sitting” to denote that the action is happening right now. Context helps clarify which meaning is intended.

Are the expressions “поруч з” and “біля” interchangeable when talking about location? What nuance does “поруч з” add?

While both phrases indicate proximity, there is a subtle difference. Біля generally means “near” or “close by,” whereas поруч з conveys a sense of being directly next to or immediately adjacent to something. In this sentence, поруч з emphasizes that you are right next to the window, not just nearby.

What is the structure of this sentence, and why is it arranged in this particular order?

The sentence follows a typical Ukrainian construction: subject (Я), verb (сиджу), and an adverbial phrase describing location (поруч з вікном). Although Ukrainian word order is quite flexible due to its case system, this straightforward arrangement clearly identifies who is performing the action and where it is taking place.