Bulanık görüntü damarı göstermedi.

It follows the very common Turkish pattern Subject + Object + Verb.

• bulanık görüntü = the subject
• damarı = the direct object
• göstermedi = the verb

So the sentence is built as:

[The blurry image] [the vessel/vein] [did not show].

In natural English, of course, we usually say The blurry image did not show the vein/vessel.

Because Turkish normally uses SOV word order: subject–object–verb.

English usually prefers SVO:

• The blurry image / did not show / the vessel

Turkish usually prefers:

• Bulanık görüntü / damarı / göstermedi

Putting the verb last is one of the most important word-order habits to get used to in Turkish.

Because damarı has the accusative ending, which often marks a specific direct object.

• damar = vessel, vein, artery
• damarı = the vessel / the vein / that specific vessel

Here the object is understood as a particular one, so Turkish uses the accusative.

The ending is:

• damar + -ı → damarı

The -ı form appears because of vowel harmony.

Not exactly, but it often overlaps in meaning.

Turkish does not have a separate word for the. Instead, definiteness is often shown by:

• context
• word order
• case endings such as the accusative

So in a sentence like this, damarı strongly suggests the specific vessel/vein rather than just a vessel.

It can be analyzed as:

• göster- = show
• -me- = negative marker
• -di = past tense

So:

göster-me-di = did not show

There is no extra ending here for he/she/it because in Turkish, third-person singular often has no overt personal ending in the past tense.

Because Turkish often leaves pronouns out when they are unnecessary.

In this sentence, the subject is already stated explicitly:

• bulanık görüntü = the blurry image

So there is no need to add a separate word for it. Turkish avoids repeating information when the subject is already clear.

No. In Turkish, adjectives do not agree with nouns the way they do in many European languages.

So bulanık stays the same regardless of:

• singular/plural
• case
• gender

Examples:

• bulanık görüntü = blurry image
• bulanık görüntüler = blurry images

The adjective does not change.

Görüntü is a broad word meaning image, visual image, scan image, display image, or sometimes footage, depending on context.

In a medical context, görüntü often refers to an imaging result, scan, or visual output rather than a casual photo.

So compared with:

• fotoğraf = photograph
• resim = picture/drawing/image
• görüntü = image/visual image/imaging result

görüntü is a very natural choice here.

It can mean either, depending on context.

More generally, damar can refer to a blood vessel. In some contexts it is translated specifically as:

• vein
• artery
• vessel

So if the English meaning you were shown says vein, that is probably because the surrounding context makes that the best translation.

Yes, Turkish word order is flexible, but the given version is the most neutral and straightforward.

For example, other orders are possible for emphasis, such as focusing on the object or the subject. But the default textbook-style order is:

Bulanık görüntü damarı göstermedi.

That is the safest pattern to learn first: subject + object + verb.

It would be:

Bulanık görüntü damarı gösterdi.

That means the same structure, but without the negative marker -me-:

• gösterdi = showed
• göstermedi = did not show

This is a useful contrast:

• gösterdi → positive past
• göstermedi → negative past