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Questions & Answers about Magma akışı vadiyi ısıtıyor.
Why is there no word for the or a in the sentence?
Turkish has no articles. Definiteness or indefiniteness is often shown by context and by case endings (for example, the accusative marks a definite direct object).
What’s the subject of the sentence? Why isn’t there a pronoun like it?
Turkish is a pro-drop language: subject pronouns are omitted when the person and number are clear from the verb ending. Here ısınıyor (through ısıtıyor) makes it clear that “it” (the magma flow) is doing the heating.
Why does vadi become vadiyi here?
Vadi (“valley”) takes the accusative suffix -yi when it’s a definite direct object. Vadi + yi → vadiyi means “the valley” (object).
What does akışı mean, and why the suffix -ı?
Akış means “flow.” The suffix -ı here is a third-person singular possessive, turning akış into “its flow.” In the compound magma akışı, it literally means “the flow of magma.”
Why do we say magma akışı instead of magmanın akışı?
Technically magmanın akışı (“magma’s flow”) is the full genitive-possessive construction (magmanın + akışı). In everyday compounds you can drop the genitive -nın on the first noun and leave the possessive on the second, giving magma akışı.
Why is the verb ısıtıyor at the end of the sentence?
Turkish uses Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order, so the conjugated verb typically comes last.
What does ısıtıyor break down into morphologically?
Verb root ısıt- (“to heat”) + present-continuous suffix -ıyor = ısıtıyor (“(he/she/it) is heating”).
What’s the difference between ısıtmak and ısınmak?
Isıtmak is transitive (“to heat something”), while ısınmak is intransitive (“to get warm” or “to heat up” on its own”).