Машина стоит сзади дома.

Here стоит does literally come from стоять = to stand, but in Russian it is also very commonly used for things that are upright or stationary in a place.

So Машина стоит сзади дома means something like:

• The car is standing behind the house
• more naturally in English: The car is behind the house / The car is parked behind the house

With vehicles, Russian often uses стоять when they are not moving. So a car can стоять, even though in English we usually say is parked or simply is.

No. In this sentence, дома does not mean at home.

It is the genitive singular form of дом = house.

So:

• дом = house
• дома = of the house / house's, depending on context

That means сзади дома = behind the house.

Russian also has an adverb дома meaning at home, so this form can be confusing. But here, because it follows сзади, it is clearly the noun дом in the genitive case.

Because сзади takes the genitive case when it is used with a noun.

So:

• дом = nominative
• дома = genitive singular

That is why Russian says:

• сзади дома = behind the house

This is a very common pattern in Russian: a word meaning location or relation is followed by a noun in a particular case.

Сзади can function as an adverb or as a word used with a noun phrase.

By itself, it can mean:

• behind
• in back
• at the back

For example:

• Машина стоит сзади. = The car is in the back / behind.

With a noun, it means behind X:

• сзади дома = behind the house

So in your sentence it tells you the car's position relative to the house.

Both can often be translated as behind the house, but there is a small nuance.

• за домом is the most basic, neutral way to say behind the house
• сзади дома emphasizes the back side of the house a bit more

So if the house is thought of as having a front and a back, сзади дома can sound a little more like at the back of the house.

In many everyday situations, though, the two are very close in meaning.

Yes. Russian word order is more flexible than English word order.

Your sentence:

• Машина стоит сзади дома.

could also be:

• Сзади дома стоит машина.

Both are correct.

The difference is mainly in emphasis:

• Машина стоит сзади дома. = neutral, starts with the car
• Сзади дома стоит машина. = starts with the location, something like Behind the house, there is a car

Russian often changes word order to shift focus rather than to change the basic meaning.

Because Russian does not have articles like English a/an and the.

So машина can mean:

• a car
• the car

and дома can mean:

• of a house
• of the house

The exact meaning depends on context.

So Машина стоит сзади дома could mean:

• A car is behind the house
• The car is behind the house

Usually the situation or previous conversation tells you which one is meant.

Yes, машина can mean machine in some contexts, but very often in everyday Russian it means car.

In a sentence like this, with a house and a location, native speakers will usually understand машина as car.

Examples:

• стиральная машина = washing machine
• швейная машина = sewing machine
• машина стоит у дома = the car is by the house

So context is what tells you whether it means car or machine.

Yes, you could say:

• Машина находится сзади дома.

This is grammatically correct, but it sounds more formal, neutral, or bookish.

Compare:

• Машина стоит сзади дома. = natural everyday Russian; also suggests the car is stationary/parked
• Машина находится сзади дома. = the car is located behind the house

In ordinary speech, стоит is usually the more natural choice here.

Yes. Стоит is the 3rd person singular present tense of стоять.

So:

• я стою = I stand / I am standing
• ты стоишь = you stand
• он / она / оно стоит = he / she / it stands

Since машина is singular, you use стоит.

In this sentence it describes the car's current position: it is standing / is parked behind the house.