Швартовый трос лежит на корме.

Швартовый is an adjective. It describes трос and means something like mooring or used for mooring.

So:

• швартовый = mooring
• трос = cable / rope / line

Together, швартовый трос means mooring rope / mooring line.

Because трос is masculine singular, швартовый also appears in the masculine singular form to agree with it.

Both can refer to something rope-like, but трос is more like cable, line, or a heavy-duty rope, and it sounds more appropriate in technical or nautical contexts.

• верёвка = ordinary rope
• трос = cable, line, thick rope, often more technical

In a maritime sentence, швартовый трос sounds much more natural than швартовая верёвка.

Russian normally does not use a present-tense verb meaning is in simple sentences like this. But лежит is not just filling the role of is. It has its own meaning: lies / is lying.

So лежит tells you about the rope’s physical position. It suggests that the rope is resting somewhere in a horizontal or loose position.

Compare the idea:

• трос на корме = the rope is on the stern / there is a rope on the stern
• трос лежит на корме = the rope is lying on the stern

Russian often uses verbs like:

• лежать = to lie
• стоять = to stand
• висеть = to hang

These are very common when describing where objects are.

Лежит is:

• 3rd person singular
• present tense
• from the verb лежать = to lie

It matches the singular subject швартовый трос.

So:

• я лежу = I am lying
• ты лежишь = you are lying
• он / она / оно лежит = he / she / it is lying

Here, трос is grammatically masculine, but the verb form is still the same 3rd person singular: лежит.

На корме uses the prepositional case because it expresses location.

The basic noun is корма = stern.
After на when it means on / at a location, Russian usually takes the prepositional case.

So:

• корма = nominative
• на корме = on the stern

This is the same pattern as:

• на столе = on the table
• на палубе = on the deck
• на берегу = on the shore

Because на is the natural preposition here for location on a part of a ship.

Russian often uses на for surfaces, areas, decks, and parts of vehicles or ships where something is located physically on that area.

So на корме means on the stern / at the stern.

Using в would suggest being inside something, which is not the idea here.

Швартовый трос is in the nominative case because it is the subject of the sentence.

You can identify it as the thing doing the action or being described:

• What is lying on the stern?
• Швартовый трос

So both words are nominative singular:

• швартовый = masculine singular nominative
• трос = masculine singular nominative

This word order is very neutral and natural:

Швартовый трос лежит на корме.

It goes:

1. thing being talked about
2. verb
3. location

That is a very common Russian pattern.

Russian word order is flexible, though, so you could change it for emphasis. For example:

• На корме лежит швартовый трос. = On the stern there is a mooring rope / A mooring rope is lying on the stern.

This version puts more attention on the location first.

Yes. Russian present tense often covers both meanings.

So лежит can be translated as:

• lies
• is lying

Which English version sounds best depends on context. Russian does not make the same automatic distinction between simple present and present continuous that English does.

No. Russian has no articles.

So швартовый трос could mean:

• the mooring rope
• a mooring rope

The context tells you which one is meant.

This is very common for English speakers to notice, because English requires an article, but Russian does not.

The stress is:

• шварто́вый
• трос
• лежи́т
• на корме́

So the sentence is pronounced approximately:

швар-TO-vy tros le-ZHEET na kar-MYE

The stressed syllables are important in Russian, so it helps to learn words together with stress from the beginning.