Elon.io is an online learning platform
We have an entire course teaching Polish grammar and vocabulary.
Questions & Answers about Ty lubisz piłkę ręczną?
Why is the subject pronoun Ty used here? Is it necessary?
In Polish the verb ending already tells you who the subject is. Ty (you) is optional and often dropped in casual speech. You include Ty for emphasis or clarity. So both
- Ty lubisz piłkę ręczną?
and - Lubisz piłkę ręczną?
mean “Do you like handball?”; the first has a bit more emphasis on “you.”
What does the verb lubisz mean and how is it formed?
Lubisz is the 2nd-person singular present tense of lubić (to like). You take the stem lubi- and add -sz, which marks “you” (informal singular). So:
ja lubię (I like)
ty lubisz (you like)
on/ona lubi (he/she likes)
Why is piłkę used instead of piłka?
After lubić, the thing you like must be in the accusative case. Piłka (ball) is nominative; its accusative singular form is piłkę. Polish relies on case endings more than word order to show who does what to whom.
Why does ręczna become ręczną, ending in -ą?