Przeciwnik nie dość, że tasował, to jeszcze rozdawał karty.

It is a very common Polish pattern meaning not only ..., but also ..., often with a tone of annoyance, surprise, or complaint.

So this sentence has the feel of:

• Not only was the opponent shuffling, he was also dealing the cards.
• As if it weren’t enough that the opponent was shuffling, he was even dealing the cards too.

So it is not just adding information. It often suggests that the second thing makes the situation even more striking or unfair.

They are part of the fixed correlative structure:

• nie dość, że ...
• to jeszcze ...

You can think of it as a two-part frame:

• nie dość, że = it’s not enough that / not only
• to jeszcze = and on top of that / but also / what’s more

Here, że introduces the first clause, and to helps lead into the second clause. In this sentence, to does not mean this in the ordinary sense. It is functioning as part of the whole expression.

Here jeszcze does not mean still in the usual time-related sense.

In this pattern, jeszcze means something like:

• also
• even
• on top of that
• what’s more

So to jeszcze rozdawał karty means and on top of that he was dealing the cards.

They are similar, but not exactly the same in tone.

• nie tylko ..., ale też ... = a more neutral not only ..., but also ...
• nie dość, że ..., to jeszcze ... = often more emotional, often sounding like a complaint or criticism

Compare:

• Nie tylko tasował, ale też rozdawał karty.
  He was not only shuffling, but also dealing the cards.
  Neutral.

• Nie dość, że tasował, to jeszcze rozdawał karty.
  Not only was he shuffling, he was also dealing the cards.
  Feels more like: And as if that weren’t enough...

They are both past tense, 3rd person singular, masculine forms.

That is because the subject is przeciwnik, which is a masculine singular noun.

So:

• tasował = he was shuffling / he shuffled
• rozdawał = he was dealing / he dealt

If the subject were feminine, the forms would change:

• Przeciwniczka nie dość, że tasowała, to jeszcze rozdawała karty.

Polish past tense agrees with the subject in gender and number, which is something English does not do.

Both tasować and rozdawać are imperfective verbs here:

• tasować = to shuffle
• rozdawać = to deal

The imperfective often presents an action as:

• ongoing
• repeated
• descriptive/background action
• viewed without focusing on completion

That fits well here, because the sentence is describing what the opponent was doing, not simply listing two completed actions.

If you wanted to stress completed actions, you would more likely use perfective verbs, for example:

• Przeciwnik nie dość, że potasował, to jeszcze rozdał karty.

That sounds more like: He not only shuffled the cards, but also dealt them.
The original sounds more like a narrative description of his behavior.

Because Polish usually drops subject pronouns when the subject is already clear.

Once you have przeciwnik, there is no need to say on again. The verb forms already show person and number, and the context makes the subject obvious.

So Polish often sounds more natural without repeating pronouns:

• Przeciwnik tasował i rozdawał karty.
• not necessarily Przeciwnik on tasował i on rozdawał karty.

English needs he, but Polish usually does not.

In this sentence, karty is in the accusative plural, because it is the direct object of rozdawał.

The singular noun is:

• karta = card

Its plural nominative is:

• karty

Its plural accusative is also:

• karty

So here the form looks the same, but the function is different.

This is normal for many feminine nouns in Polish: the plural nominative and plural accusative are identical.

Przeciwnik means opponent.

It is a common word for someone on the other side in:

• a game
• a sport
• a debate
• a conflict

In this sentence, because of tasował and rozdawał karty, it clearly means an opponent in a card game or similar setting.

It is a bit more direct and situational than rywal, which often means rival/competitor in a broader sense.

It can be both.

Literal meaning:

• rozdawać karty = to deal cards

Figurative meaning:

• rozdawać karty can also mean to hold the power, to call the shots, or to be the one in control

But in this sentence, because the other verb is tasował (was shuffling), the meaning is clearly the literal card-game one.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English word order.

A very natural alternative would be:

• Nie dość, że przeciwnik tasował, to jeszcze rozdawał karty.

This version puts the whole nie dość, że ... structure first, which many learners may find easier to recognize.

The original sentence:

• Przeciwnik nie dość, że tasował, to jeszcze rozdawał karty.

puts extra emphasis on przeciwnik first. Both are correct.

Because the sentence contains two linked clauses in the pattern:

• nie dość, że [first clause], to jeszcze [second clause]

So the comma separates the first clause from the second one.

Here:

• Przeciwnik nie dość, że tasował, to jeszcze rozdawał karty.

The comma after tasował is standard and expected in this construction.

Yes. That is one of the important things about this structure.

Even if the actions themselves are not bad in isolation, nie dość, że ..., to jeszcze ... usually adds a feeling like:

• and that wasn’t all
• and to make matters worse
• as if that weren’t enough

So the sentence does not sound like a neutral description of card-game procedure. It sounds like the speaker is emphasizing that the opponent was doing more than expected, or doing something irritating, unfair, or excessive.