आज मौसम बदतर है।

A word-by-word breakdown is:

• आज = today
• मौसम = weather
• बदतर = worse
• है = is

So the literal order is Today weather worse is, while natural English is The weather is worse today or Today the weather is worse.

Hindi commonly uses Subject–Object/Complement–Verb order, so the verb usually comes at the end.

In this sentence:

• आज = time expression
• मौसम = subject
• बदतर = predicate adjective/complement
• है = verb

So Hindi puts है at the end, unlike English, which puts is earlier: The weather is worse today.

बदतर means worse. It is a comparative word.

A useful comparison:

• बुरा = bad
• और बुरा / ज्यादा बुरा = worse
• बदतर = worse, often a bit more formal or literary
• सबसे बुरा = worst

So बदतर is a valid and natural word, but in everyday speech many speakers may also say:

• आज मौसम और खराब है।
• आज मौसम ज्यादा खराब है।

depending on context.

Not always. Just like in English, Hindi can leave the comparison unstated if it is understood from context.

So आज मौसम बदतर है। can mean:

• The weather is worse today
• Today the weather is worse

The listener may understand worse than before, worse than yesterday, or worse than expected, depending on the situation.

If you want to make it explicit, you can say something like:

• कल से मौसम बदतर है। = The weather is worse than yesterday.

Hindi does not have articles like a, an, and the.

So मौसम can mean:

• weather
• the weather

The correct English article is understood from context when translating.

है is the present-tense form of to be for a singular subject in this kind of sentence. It means is.

So:

• मौसम बदतर है। = The weather is worse.

If you remove है, the sentence may sound incomplete in standard Hindi. In casual speech, people sometimes drop forms of to be, but learners should keep है.

मौसम is generally treated as masculine singular.

In this sentence, that does not change बदतर, because बदतर is effectively invariable here. But gender can matter with other adjectives and past forms.

For example:

• अच्छा मौसम = good weather
  Here अच्छा shows masculine singular agreement.

So yes, मौसम has gender, but in मौसम बदतर है, you do not see any special change on बदतर.

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation is:

• आज = aaj
• मौसम = mau-sam
• बदतर = bad-tar
• है = hai

Roughly: aaj mau-sam bad-tar hai

A few notes:

• आज has a long aa sound.
• मौ sounds like mow in mower, but shorter.
• है is usually pronounced like hai, similar to high, but often lighter in connected speech.

Yes, Hindi allows some flexibility, especially with time words.

These are all possible, though some are more natural than others depending on emphasis:

• आज मौसम बदतर है।
• मौसम आज बदतर है।
• मौसम बदतर है आज। — possible, but less neutral

The most neutral version here is आज मौसम बदतर है।

Putting आज first naturally emphasizes today.

Yes, it is grammatical and understandable. However, बदतर can sound slightly formal, literary, or news-like in some contexts.

In everyday conversation, many speakers might more often say:

• आज मौसम और खराब है।
• आज मौसम ज्यादा खराब है।
• आज मौसम पहले से खराब है। = The weather is worse than before.

So your sentence is correct, but not always the most casual option.

Hindi often does not use a dummy subject like English it.

English says:

• It is hot
• It is raining
• It is worse today

But Hindi often simply says the thing itself, or uses a different structure:

• आज मौसम बदतर है। = The weather is worse today

So Hindi does not need an extra placeholder subject like it here.

Not exactly. आज मौसम बदतर है। means the weather is worse today or today the weather is worse. It describes a state, not necessarily a process.

If you want is getting worse, Hindi would more naturally use a progressive or change-of-state expression, such as:

• मौसम बदतर हो रहा है। = The weather is getting worse.

So:

• बदतर है = is worse
• बदतर हो रहा है = is getting worse

That mark is called the danda. It is the traditional full stop used in Devanagari script.

So:

• । = like a period . in English

In modern informal writing, especially online, you may also see a regular English-style period, but । is the standard script punctuation.