अस्पताल जाने से पहले दवा लेना ज़रूरी है।

In Hindi, with many place nouns, the destination of a motion verb is often shown without a separate word for to.

So:

• अस्पताल जाना = to go to the hospital
• घर जाना = to go home
• स्कूल जाना = to go to school

English usually needs to, but Hindi often does not.

Because जाना changes to its oblique infinitive form जाने when it comes before a postposition such as से, के बाद, के लिए, etc.

Compare:

• जाना = to go
• जाने से पहले = before going

This same pattern happens with many verbs:

• खाना → खाने के बाद = after eating
• सोना → सोने से पहले = before sleeping
• करना → करने के लिए = in order to do

So जाने is not a different verb; it is the form required before से पहले.

से पहले means before.

Literally, Hindi uses a structure like:

• X से पहले = before X

So:

• अस्पताल जाने से पहले = before going to the hospital

English learners often want to drop से, but in Hindi this is the normal pattern.

More examples:

• खाने से पहले = before eating
• सोने से पहले = before sleeping
• काम से पहले = before work / before the task

Hindi often leaves the subject unstated when it is:

• obvious from context
• general
• meant as an instruction or general truth

So this sentence can feel like:

• It is necessary to take medicine before going to the hospital
• or, depending on context, You should take medicine before going to the hospital

Hindi does this very naturally. The sentence is complete even without तुम, आप, etc.

Because लेना is the normal general verb used with दवा in Hindi, just like English says take medicine.

So:

• दवा लेना = to take medicine

Even if the medicine is liquid, Hindi often still uses लेना in a general sense. In specific situations, other verbs are possible:

• दवा पीना = to drink medicine
• गोली खाना = to take/eat a pill

But दवा लेना is the standard broad expression.

Here लेना is the plain infinitive, meaning to take. In this sentence, the whole action दवा लेना acts like taking medicine, so the basic infinitive form is used.

That is why:

• दवा लेना ज़रूरी है = Taking medicine is necessary.

You may have seen sentences like:

• मुझे दवा लेनी है = I have to take medicine.

There, लेनी appears because that is a different grammatical construction, one that often shows agreement with the object. But in your sentence, लेना is the normal form.

It can mean any of those, depending on context.

Hindi does not have articles like a and the, so:

• दवा can mean medicine
• a medicine
• the medicine

In this sentence, it most naturally sounds like medicine or the medicine depending on the situation.

For example:

• as general advice: medicine
• in a doctor’s instruction: the medicine

Context tells you which one is meant.

Because दवा is the direct object of लेना, and Hindi often leaves direct objects unmarked when they are inanimate and general.

So:

• दवा लेना = natural
• दवा को लेना = usually unnecessary or unnatural here

Hindi uses को more often with:

• people
• specific/marked objects
• emphasis in some contexts

Since दवा is an inanimate object and the phrase is general, no को is needed.

The subject is the whole action phrase:

• दवा लेना = taking medicine

So the structure is basically:

• [दवा लेना] ज़रूरी है
• [Taking medicine] is necessary

The first part of the sentence:

• अस्पताल जाने से पहले

is a time phrase meaning before going to the hospital.

So the sentence is built like this:

• Before going to the hospital, taking medicine is necessary.

Because the whole idea दवा लेना is treated as one single action or fact.

Hindi often treats an infinitive phrase like लेना, जाना, करना, etc. as a singular abstract thing.

So:

• दवा लेना ज़रूरी है = singular

It is similar to English:

• Taking medicine is necessary

where taking medicine is treated as one unit.

Yes, to some extent.

The given sentence:

• अस्पताल जाने से पहले दवा लेना ज़रूरी है।

is very natural because the time phrase comes first.

You could also say:

• दवा लेना अस्पताल जाने से पहले ज़रूरी है।

This is still understandable, but it sounds a bit more marked or formal. The original order is smoother in everyday Hindi.

Hindi word order is flexible, but not completely free. You can move larger chunks around for focus, but the internal grammar of each chunk must stay correct.

ज़रूरी means necessary, essential, or important.

The dot under ज़ is called a nukta. It shows a sound like English z.

So:

• ज़रूरी is pronounced with a z sound by many speakers.

You may also see:

• जरूरी

In modern Hindi, both spellings are common, and some speakers pronounce it more like j while others use z. For a learner, the most important thing is to recognize that both refer to the same word.