वह आदमी बस में हिंदी पढ़ रहा है।

वह can mean both he/she and that, depending on context.

In this sentence, वह आदमी literally means that man, but in natural English it is often translated simply as the man or understood as he if the person is already known from context.

So:

• वह = that / he / she
• Hindi often uses the same word for a demonstrative and a third-person pronoun.

Also, in everyday speech, वह is often pronounced more like वो.

Hindi normally does not use articles like English a, an, and the.

So आदमी can mean:

• a man
• the man
• sometimes just man, depending on context

The exact meaning comes from the situation, not from an article.

आदमी means man or sometimes more generally person, though in a sentence like this it is usually understood as man.

Grammatically, it is treated as masculine here. That matters because the verb phrase agrees with it:

• पढ़ रहा है = masculine singular
• if the subject were feminine, it would be पढ़ रही है

So the masculine form रहा matches आदमी.

Hindi uses postpositions, not prepositions.

English:

• in the bus

Hindi:

• बस में
• literally: bus in

So में means in, but it comes after the noun.

Many Hindi nouns take an oblique form before a postposition, but some feminine nouns like बस often look the same in the direct and oblique singular.

So:

• direct: बस
• before में: still बस

That is why you see बस में, not a visibly changed form.

Hindi usually follows Subject–Object–Verb order.

This sentence is:

• वह आदमी = subject
• बस में = location
• हिंदी = object
• पढ़ रहा है = verb phrase

So the verb typically comes at the end:

• वह आदमी बस में हिंदी पढ़ रहा है।

That is very normal Hindi word order.

It can mean either, depending on context.

The verb पढ़ना can mean:

• to read
• to study

With school subjects or languages, पढ़ना often means to study:

• हिंदी पढ़ रहा है = is studying Hindi

But in another context, it could also mean is reading something in Hindi. Context tells you which meaning is intended.

This is the present progressive form, meaning is reading / is studying.

It is built like this:

• पढ़ = verb stem
• रहा = progressive participle
• है = present form of to be

So:

• पढ़ रहा है = is reading / is studying

This is very common in Hindi for ongoing actions.

Because the subject आदमी is masculine singular.

The progressive part agrees with the subject:

• masculine singular: रहा
• feminine singular: रही
• plural / respectful masculine: रहे

So:

• वह आदमी पढ़ रहा है = the man is reading
• वह औरत पढ़ रही है = the woman is reading
• वे आदमी पढ़ रहे हैं = the men are reading

Yes, absolutely.

If the context already makes it clear who you are talking about, Hindi often leaves out extra nouns.

So both are possible:

• वह आदमी बस में हिंदी पढ़ रहा है। = that man is studying Hindi on the bus
• वह बस में हिंदी पढ़ रहा है। = he is studying Hindi on the bus

The first is more specific; the second is more natural if the person is already known.

Because the subject is singular: वह आदमी = that man / the man.

Hindi uses:

• है for singular
• हैं for plural or respectful singular

So:

• वह आदमी ... है = singular
• वे आदमी ... हैं = plural

That punctuation mark is called the danda.

It is used in Devanagari much like a period . in English:

• वह आदमी बस में हिंदी पढ़ रहा है।

In modern informal writing, especially online, people sometimes use a regular period too, but । is the traditional standard mark.

A natural approximate pronunciation is:

voh aadmii bas mẽ hindii paRh rahaa hai

A few useful notes:

• वह is often said as वो in everyday speech
• में has a nasal sound at the end
• ढ़ in पढ़ is a retroflex sound that does not exist in English
• हिंदी is often pronounced close to Hindee

So in normal speech, it may sound something like:

वो आदमी बस में हिंदी पढ़ रहा है।