यह कुर्सी गंदी नहीं है; यह साफ है।

Because कुर्सी is a feminine noun in Hindi, and many adjectives agree with the gender of the noun they describe.

• masculine singular: गंदा
• feminine singular: गंदी

So:

• गंदा कमरा = a dirty room
• गंदी कुर्सी = a dirty chair

In this sentence, कुर्सी is feminine, so गंदी is the correct form.

Not all Hindi adjectives change form. साफ is an indeclinable adjective, which means it stays the same regardless of gender or number.

So you can say:

• साफ कमरा = clean room
• साफ कुर्सी = clean chair
• साफ कपड़े = clean clothes

By contrast, गंदा / गंदी / गंदे is a changing adjective.

In Hindi, नहीं usually comes before the verb it negates.

So:

• यह कुर्सी गंदी है = This chair is dirty.
• यह कुर्सी गंदी नहीं है = This chair is not dirty.

This placement is very normal in Hindi. English speakers often expect the negative to work differently because English uses is not, but in Hindi the pattern is generally:

subject + description + नहीं + verb

है is the present-tense form of the verb to be for he/she/it/this/that and singular nouns.

In this sentence, it works like is in English:

• यह कुर्सी गंदी नहीं है = This chair is not dirty.
• यह साफ है = This is clean.

It is very common in simple descriptive sentences.

Hindi often repeats demonstratives like यह when two clauses are stated separately.

So:

• यह कुर्सी गंदी नहीं है; यह साफ है।

literally has:

• This chair is not dirty; this is clean.

The second यह refers back to the chair. In natural English, we might simply say it is clean, but Hindi often keeps यह.

You may also hear shorter versions in context, but repeating यह is perfectly natural and clear.

Yes, in some contexts you may hear:

• यह कुर्सी gंदी नहीं है; साफ है।

This can sound natural in conversation when the subject is already obvious. However, including यह makes the sentence clearer and more complete, especially for learners.

So both are possible, but यह साफ है is a very standard full clause.

Hindi often follows a different sentence structure from English. In a sentence like this, the order is roughly:

this chair dirty not is

That may feel unusual at first, but it is normal Hindi structure.

A helpful way to think about it:

• English: This chair is not dirty.
• Hindi: This chair dirty not is.

The main verb often comes at or near the end of the clause in Hindi.

No, Hindi does not have direct equivalents of English articles like a, an, and the.

So यह कुर्सी can mean something like:

• this chair

And कुर्सी by itself can mean:

• a chair
• the chair
• chair

The exact meaning depends on context. English speakers often look for an article, but Hindi usually does not need one.

Hindi nouns have grammatical gender, and कुर्सी is simply a feminine noun. Sometimes gender matches natural gender, but for objects it is usually something you have to learn with the word.

There are some patterns in Hindi, but they are not perfect rules. For example, many nouns ending in -ी are feminine, and कुर्सी fits that pattern.

The best habit is to learn nouns together with their gender, because that affects adjective forms like गंदी.

यह can mean this and can also function like he/she/it for something near the speaker or already being pointed out. Hindi does not always separate these ideas the way English does.

In this sentence:

• यह कुर्सी clearly means this chair
• यह साफ है means this is clean or more naturally it is clean

So the exact English translation depends on context, but the Hindi form is normal.

In careful spelling-based pronunciation, यह is often represented as yah. But in modern spoken Hindi, it is very commonly pronounced closer to yeh.

So learners often hear:

• yeh kursī gandī nahī̃ hai
• yeh sāf hai

Both spellings yah and yeh appear in teaching materials, but yeh usually matches everyday speech better.

The semicolon separates two closely related statements:

• यह कुर्सी गंदी नहीं है
• यह साफ है

It shows a pause stronger than a comma but weaker than a full stop.

In everyday Hindi writing, you might also see:

• a full stop: ।
• a comma
• or a conjunction such as बल्कि or और, depending on style

For example:

• यह कुर्सी गंदी नहीं है, यह साफ है।
• यह कुर्सी गंदी नहीं है। यह साफ है।

All are understandable.

Yes. If you only want to describe the chair positively, you can simply say:

• यह कुर्सी साफ है। = This chair is clean.

The full sentence:

• यह कुर्सी गंदी नहीं है; यह साफ है।

adds contrast and emphasis. It does more than just describe the chair; it specifically rejects the idea that it is dirty.

A natural pronunciation in broad Romanization is:

yeh kursī gandī nahī̃ hai; yeh sāf hai

A few notes:

• कुर्सी = kursī
• गंदी = gandī
• नहीं = nahī̃ or nahin
• साफ = sāf
• है often sounds like hai

If you want a smooth rhythm, try saying it in two chunks:

• yeh kursī gandī nahī̃ hai
• yeh sāf hai

Yes, if the chair is farther away or not near the speaker, you can use वह instead:

• वह कुर्सी गंदी नहीं है; वह साफ है।

This means:

• that chair is not dirty; it is clean

Very roughly:

• यह = this
• वह = that

In real speech, वह is often pronounced voh.