वह सेब लाल है।

In this sentence, वह means that.

Hindi वह can mean:

• he
• she
• that

So the meaning depends on context. In वह सेब लाल है, because सेब means apple, the most natural reading is that apple is red.

A useful pronunciation note: वह is often said more like voh / woh in everyday speech.

Hindi usually follows Subject – Object/Complement – Verb order, and the verb often comes at the end.

So:

• वह = that
• सेब = apple
• लाल = red
• है = is

Literal order: That apple red is.

Natural English order: That apple is red.

This is very normal in Hindi. The describing word लाल comes before है.

Because Hindi normally places the verb at the end of the clause.

Here, है is the present-tense form of to be for a singular subject:

• वह सेब लाल है। = That apple is red.

If the subject were plural, Hindi would use हैं instead:

• वे सेब लाल हैं। = Those apples are red.

Hindi does not normally use articles the way English does.

So सेब can mean:

• an apple
• the apple
• just apple

The exact meaning comes from context. In this sentence, वह already points to a specific apple, so English naturally translates it as that apple.

Because demonstratives like this/that usually come before the noun in Hindi, just as in English.

So:

• वह सेब = that apple
• यह सेब = this apple

This part is actually quite similar to English word order.

In this case, लाल does not change.

Hindi adjectives come in two broad types:

1. Changing adjectives
   These change depending on gender/number, especially many adjectives ending in -ा in the dictionary form.
   Example:

   • अच्छा लड़का = good boy
   • अच्छी लड़की = good girl

2. Non-changing adjectives
   These stay the same. लाल is one of these.

So you get:

• लाल सेब = red apple
• लाल किताब = red book
• लाल फूल = red flower

No change in लाल.

Hindi nouns do have grammatical gender, and सेब is generally treated as masculine. But in this sentence, nothing changes visibly because:

• लाल does not change
• है is the same for singular masculine and feminine subjects in the present tense

So even though gender exists, this particular sentence does not show it clearly.

You can see gender more easily with a changing adjective, for example:

• वह केला पीला है। = That banana is yellow.
• वह किताब पीली है। = That book is yellow.

Here पीला / पीली changes.

Not naturally. Even though वह can mean he/she, the full sentence strongly points to that apple is red.

Why? Because वह is directly followed by सेब, forming the noun phrase वह सेब = that apple.

If you wanted he is red, you would say:

• वह लाल है। = He is red. / She is red. / That is red.

So the noun सेब makes the structure clear.

You would say:

यह सेब लाल है।

• यह = this
• वह = that

So:

• यह सेब लाल है। = This apple is red.
• वह सेब लाल है। = That apple is red.

In everyday speech:

• यह is often pronounced yeh
• वह is often pronounced voh / woh

For those apples are red, you would say:

वे सेब लाल हैं।

Changes:

• वह → वे = that/those
• है → हैं = are

So:

• वह सेब लाल है। = That apple is red.
• वे सेब लाल हैं। = Those apples are red.

For these apples are red:

• ये सेब लाल हैं।

In standard Hindi, है should be included in a full present-tense sentence like this.

So the normal sentence is:

• वह सेब लाल है।

You may sometimes hear सेब लाल है or even very clipped speech in casual contexts, but for learners, it is best to keep है.

Yes, if the context already makes it clear which apple you mean.

• सेब लाल है। = The apple is red. / An apple is red. / Apple is red.
  The exact English translation depends on context.

Adding वह makes it more specific:

• वह सेब लाल है। = That apple is red.

So वह is useful when you want to point out a particular apple.

They mean different things.

• वह सेब लाल है। = That apple is red.
  Here, लाल is the predicate adjective describing the apple.

• वह लाल सेब है। = That is a red apple or It is a red apple, depending on context.
  Here, लाल सेब works as a noun phrase: red apple.

So the position of लाल changes the meaning:

• after सेब and before है → the apple is red
• before सेब → red apple

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation is:

voh seb laal hai

Breakdown:

• वह ≈ voh / woh
• सेब ≈ seb
• लाल ≈ laal
• है ≈ hai

So: वह सेब लाल है।
≈ voh seb laal hai

The long aa in लाल should be held a bit longer than a short a.