הגוף של הכלב חם.

In Hebrew, the verb to be is usually omitted in the present tense.

So:

• הגוף של הכלב חם = The body of the dog is warm / The dog's body is warm

There is no separate present-tense word for is here.

But in other tenses, Hebrew does use forms of to be, for example:

• הגוף של הכלב היה חם = The dog's body was warm
• הגוף של הכלב יהיה חם = The dog's body will be warm

של means of or works like the English 's.

So:

• הגוף של הכלב = the body of the dog
• more naturally in English: the dog's body

This is a very common Hebrew way to show possession:

• הספר של הילד = the boy's book
• הבית של המורה = the teacher's house

The prefix ה־ is the Hebrew definite article, meaning the.

So:

• הגוף = the body
• הכלב = the dog

In a של phrase, it is normal for both nouns to be definite if the whole phrase is definite:

• הגוף של הכלב = the body of the dog / the dog's body

If you changed the definiteness, the meaning would change:

• גוף של כלב = a body of a dog / a dog's body
• הגוף של כלב = the body of a dog
• גוף של הכלב = a body of the dog (less natural in many contexts, but grammatically possible)

Because it agrees with הגוף, and גוף is a masculine singular noun.

In Hebrew, adjectives match the noun in:

• gender
• number

So here:

• גוף = masculine singular
• therefore חם = masculine singular

Compare:

• היד חמה = the hand is warm
  (יד is feminine singular, so חמה is used)

• הגופים חמים = the bodies are warm
  (masculine plural)

Because חם here is a predicate adjective, not an adjective directly attached to the noun inside the noun phrase.

In this sentence:

• הגוף של הכלב = the subject
• חם = describes the subject as the predicate: is warm

Predicate adjectives in Hebrew do not take ה־.

So:

• הגוף של הכלב חם = The dog's body is warm

But if the adjective is directly modifying the noun inside the noun phrase, it usually does take ה־ when the noun is definite:

• הגוף החם של הכלב = the warm body of the dog / the dog's warm body

That is a very important difference:

• הגוף של הכלב חם = The dog's body is warm
• הגוף החם של הכלב = the dog's warm body

Yes. Hebrew can also use a more compact possession structure called the construct state.

So another possible version is:

• גוף הכלב חם

This also means the dog's body is warm.

However, for learners, the של form is often easier and very common in everyday Hebrew:

• הגוף של הכלב חם

Very roughly:

• של possession is often more transparent and conversational
• the construct form can sound more compact, and in some contexts more formal or written

Both are useful to know.

A common pronunciation is:

ha-guf shel ha-kelev kham

Word by word:

• הגוף = ha-guf
• של = shel
• הכלב = ha-kelev
• חם = kham

A few pronunciation notes:

• גוף sounds like goof/guf with a long u sound.
• כלב is kelev, not kalav.
• ח in חם is a throaty sound that English does not really have. Many learners approximate it with kh.

Yes. This is a very normal Hebrew sentence pattern:

[subject] + [adjective/predicate]

So here:

• הגוף של הכלב = subject
• חם = predicate adjective

This is the standard way to say The dog's body is warm.

Hebrew can change word order for emphasis in some contexts, but this sentence as written is the basic, neutral order.

You would move the adjective inside the noun phrase:

• הגוף החם של הכלב

This means:

• the dog's warm body
• literally: the warm body of the dog

So compare carefully:

• הגוף של הכלב חם = The dog's body is warm
• הגוף החם של הכלב = The dog's warm body

This difference is very important in Hebrew.

Yes. Those are just two English ways of expressing the same Hebrew meaning.

Hebrew uses:

• הגוף של הכלב

English can translate that as either:

• the body of the dog
• the dog's body

In normal English, the dog's body is usually the more natural translation.

גוף means body.

In this sentence, it refers to a physical body:

• הגוף של הכלב חם = The dog's body is warm

More generally, גוף can also be used in other meanings depending on context, such as entity or organization in more formal language, but here it clearly means the physical body.