בקדרות משתמשים בספוג, בגלזורה ובמשטח עבודה נקי.

בקדרות is ב־ + קדרות.

• ב־ means in
• קדרות means pottery or the craft of pottery

So בקדרות means in pottery, in ceramics, or when doing pottery.

It refers to the field or activity, not to one single pot.

Hebrew often uses the 3rd person plural for general statements.

So משתמשים literally means they use, but in many sentences it really means:

• people use
• you use (general you)
• one uses

In this sentence, it is an impersonal general statement: In pottery, people use / one uses a sponge, glaze, and a clean work surface.

This is very common in Hebrew.

Because the verb להשתמש works with the preposition ב־.

The basic pattern is:

• להשתמש ב־... = to use ...

Examples:

• אני משתמש בעט = I use a pen
• הם משתמשים במים = They use water

So in your sentence:

• בספוג
• בגלזורה
• ובמשטח עבודה נקי

all depend on משתמשים.

Because each item is separately governed by להשתמש ב־.

So Hebrew naturally says:

• בספוג
• בגלזורה
• ובמשטח עבודה נקי

This is the normal and clear way to write it. In English we often do not repeat the preposition every time, but in Hebrew repeating it is very common and sounds more natural here.

Because את marks a definite direct object, and here there is no direct object.

The verb להשתמש does not take a direct object. It takes a noun with the preposition ב־.

So:

• correct: להשתמש בספוג
• not: להשתמש את הספוג

That is an important pattern to remember: להשתמש ב־.

Because the sentence is making a general statement, not talking about specific known items.

So the sense is:

• a sponge
• glaze
• a clean work surface

not:

• the sponge
• the glaze
• the clean work surface

If you wanted definite items, the Hebrew would change. For example, a more definite phrase could be:

• במשטח העבודה הנקי = on the clean work surface

But here the sentence is generic.

משטח עבודה is a construct chain.

That means:

• משטח = surface
• עבודה = work

Together, משטח עבודה means work surface.

Hebrew often builds noun combinations this way, where the first noun is linked to the second:

• בית ספר = school
• שולחן עבודה = work table/desk
• משטח עבודה = work surface

So it is not just two random nouns next to each other; it is a fixed grammatical structure.

Because the adjective describes משטח, not עבודה.

In a construct chain like משטח עבודה, the whole phrase is headed by the first noun.
So:

• משטח is masculine singular
• therefore the adjective is נקי

That is why:

• משטח עבודה נקי = a clean work surface

and not an adjective matching עבודה.

A useful rule: after a construct chain, the adjective comes after the whole chain and agrees with the first noun.

Because in Hebrew, when an adjective describes a construct phrase, it normally comes after the entire phrase.

So:

• משטח עבודה נקי = a clean work surface

not:

• משטח נקי עבודה

The adjective modifies the whole unit משטח עבודה.

This is very normal Hebrew word order.

Yes. גלזורה is a common word in art and pottery contexts for glaze.

It is basically a borrowed term, and in practical craft language it is very natural.

You may also see related terms such as זיגוג, depending on context, register, or specialty vocabulary. But in pottery, גלזורה is absolutely understandable and common.