צריכת החשמל נמדדת בקילוואט-שעה.

Because צריכת החשמל is a construct phrase (called smikhut in Hebrew), meaning the consumption of the electricity / electricity consumption.

In a construct phrase:

• the first noun usually does not take ה־
• definiteness is usually shown on the second noun

So:

• צריכת החשמל = the consumption of the electricity → naturally electricity consumption
• צריכה by itself means consumption
• צריכת is the construct form of צריכה

This is very common in Hebrew:

• ספר הילד = the child’s book
• מחיר הדלק = the price of the fuel
• צריכת החשמל = electricity consumption

צריכת is the construct form of the noun צריכה (consumption).

For many feminine nouns ending in ־ה, the construct form changes to ־ת:

• צריכה → צריכת
• שיטה → שיטת
• בעיה → בעיית

So:

• צריכה = consumption
• צריכת החשמל = consumption of electricity

A native English speaker often wants to translate word-by-word, but in Hebrew this noun pattern is very normal.

Because it agrees with צריכת, which is a feminine singular noun.

The subject of the sentence is צריכת החשמל (electricity consumption), and the verb form must match it.

So:

• נמדד = masculine singular
• נמדדת = feminine singular
• נמדדים = masculine plural
• נמדדות = feminine plural

Since צריכת is feminine singular, Hebrew uses:

• צריכת החשמל נמדדת...

Yes. נמדדת means is measured or gets measured, depending on context.

It comes from the root מ־ד־ד, related to measuring:

• למדוד = to measure
• מודד = measures / measuring (masculine)
• נמדד / נמדדת = is measured

This form is from the Nifal pattern, which often gives a passive or passive-like meaning.

So in this sentence:

• נמדדת = is measured

Because in Hebrew, present-tense sentences usually do not use a separate word for is / are.

English says:

• Electricity consumption is measured in kilowatt-hours.

Hebrew says:

• צריכת החשמל נמדדת בקילוואט-שעה.

The word נמדדת already carries the present-time meaning. Hebrew does not need an extra present-tense is here.

This is very normal:

• הספר מעניין = The book is interesting
• המים קרים = The water is cold
• הצריכה נמדדת = The consumption is measured

Here ב־ means something like in, as in measured in a certain unit.

So:

• ב + קילוואט-שעה
• בקילוואט-שעה = in kilowatt-hours

This use of ב־ is common with units, tools, or means:

• נמדד במטרים = measured in meters
• נשקל בקילוגרמים = weighed in kilograms
• כתוב בעברית = written in Hebrew

So בקילוואט-שעה tells you the unit of measurement.

Because it is a compound unit: kilowatt-hour.

Hebrew often writes compound expressions like this with a hyphen, especially technical terms or combinations of borrowed and native words.

So:

• קילוואט = kilowatt
• שעה = hour
• קילוואט-שעה = kilowatt-hour

You may also see the plural when appropriate in other contexts, for example:

• קילוואט-שעות

But in this sentence, the singular form is being used as the name of the unit.

A common pronunciation is:

Tzrikhat ha-khashmal nimdedet be-kilovat-sha'ah.

Rough breakdown:

• צריכת = tzri-KHAT
• החשמל = ha-khash-MAL
• נמדדת = nim-DE-det
• בקילוואט-שעה = be-kilo-VAT sha-AH

Notes:

• ח in החשמל is the throaty Hebrew kh sound.
• שעה has two syllables: sha-AH.
• Stress is usually near the end in these words.

Yes. This is very normal Hebrew word order for a formal, factual sentence.

Structure:

• צריכת החשמל = subject
• נמדדת = verb
• בקילוואט-שעה = prepositional phrase showing the unit

So it follows:

Subject + verb + complement

This is common in explanatory or technical writing.

Yes. Hebrew could express the same idea more actively, but the passive-like version here is very natural in formal or technical language.

For example, a more active phrasing might be:

• מודדים את צריכת החשמל בקילוואט-שעה.
• People measure electricity consumption in kilowatt-hours.

But the original sentence:

• צריכת החשמל נמדדת בקילוואט-שעה.

sounds more like a general scientific statement, which is why it fits well here.

Yes. החשמל means the electricity.

In English, we usually just say electricity without the, but Hebrew often uses the definite article in places where English does not.

So:

• חשמל = electricity
• החשמל = the electricity

In צריכת החשמל, Hebrew uses the definite second noun to make the whole construct phrase definite: the electricity consumption, or more naturally in English, electricity consumption.

Yes, in technical or everyday utility contexts, Hebrew often uses the abbreviation קוט״ש for קילוואט-שעה.

So you may also encounter:

• צריכת החשמל נמדדת בקוט״ש.

That means the same thing: Electricity consumption is measured in kilowatt-hours.

The full form in your sentence is simply more explicit and learner-friendly.