Το γρανάζι γυρίζει.

το is the definite article here, meaning the.

It matches γρανάζι, which is:

• neuter
• singular

So το γρανάζι = the gear.

In Greek, articles are used very often, and much more regularly than in English. If you are talking about a specific gear, το is the normal choice.

γρανάζι is a noun, and in this sentence it is the subject.

Its grammatical features are:

• neuter
• singular
• nominative case here, because it is the thing doing the action

So the structure is:

• Το γρανάζι = the subject
• γυρίζει = the verb

The ending -ι is a very common ending for neuter nouns in Modern Greek.

So when you see a noun like γρανάζι, a good first guess is that it may be neuter. That fits with the article το.

Not every neuter noun ends this way, but -ι is a very common neuter ending.

γυρίζει is the 3rd person singular present tense form of the verb γυρίζω.

That means it is used with subjects like:

• he
• she
• it
• or any singular noun, like το γρανάζι

So:

• γυρίζω = I turn / I spin
• γυρίζεις = you turn
• γυρίζει = he/she/it turns

Because το γρανάζι is singular, the verb is also singular.

It can mean both, depending on context.

The Greek present tense often covers both:

• simple present: turns
• progressive present: is turning

So Το γρανάζι γυρίζει could mean:

• The gear turns
• The gear is turning

English forces you to choose more clearly between those two forms, but Greek often does not.

A rough English-style approximation is:

to ghra-NA-zee yee-REE-zee

A few useful notes:

• το sounds like toh
• γρ in γρανάζι begins with a voiced throat sound, not a hard English g
• γυ in γυρίζει sounds more like a soft y-like sound than an English g
• the stressed syllables are:
  • γρανάζι
  • γυρίζει

A more phonetic approximation would be:

• [to ɣra-NA-zi ʝi-RI-zi]

The accent marks show which syllable gets the stress.

So:

• γρανάζι
• γυρίζει

Stress matters in Greek pronunciation, and the written accent helps you know where to place it.

For learners, this is very useful, because Greek spelling usually tells you the stress directly.

Yes, you could also say Γυρίζει το γρανάζι.

Both are grammatical, but the emphasis changes a little:

• Το γρανάζι γυρίζει = neutral, straightforward statement
• Γυρίζει το γρανάζι = slightly more focus on the action, or a more natural flow in some contexts

Greek word order is often more flexible than English, because the endings and articles help show what each word is doing.

In normal Greek, if you mean the gear, you would usually say το γρανάζι.

So:

• Το γρανάζι γυρίζει = The gear is turning
• Ένα γρανάζι γυρίζει = A gear is turning

A bare noun like Γρανάζι γυρίζει is not the normal everyday way to say this. It might appear in special styles, such as headlines, labels, or unusual poetic wording, but not as the standard sentence.

Here it is in the nominative case, because it is the subject of the sentence.

However, there is one thing that can confuse learners:

For many neuter nouns in Greek, the nominative and accusative forms are the same. So το γρανάζι can look the same in both cases.

In this sentence, though, it is clearly nominative because it is the thing that turns.

No. γυρίζω is a very common verb with several related meanings, including:

• turn
• spin
• rotate
• go back / return
• sometimes turn around

In Το γρανάζι γυρίζει, the meaning is clearly physical: the gear is turning or rotating.

So this is a good example of a common Greek verb whose exact meaning depends on context.

Greek often drops subject pronouns, because the verb ending already shows the person:

• Γυρίζω = I am turning / I turn
• no pronoun needed

But with a noun like το γρανάζι, if you want to say the gear specifically, you normally keep it in the sentence.

So while Greek can omit pronouns, it does not normally omit important noun subjects unless the context already makes them obvious.

Yes. περιστρέφεται is another possible verb and means something like rotates.

The difference is mainly style and register:

• γυρίζει = very common, everyday, natural
• περιστρέφεται = more formal or technical

So for a basic sentence, Το γρανάζι γυρίζει sounds simple and natural.