Όταν καταλαβαίνω το νόημα, θυμάμαι πιο εύκολα τη λέξη.

Greek often drops subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

• καταλαβαίνω = I understand
• θυμάμαι = I remember

The ending -ω in καταλαβαίνω marks 1st person singular, so εγώ is not necessary. You can add εγώ only for emphasis or contrast:

• Εγώ θυμάμαι πιο εύκολα τη λέξη. = I remember the word more easily.

Όταν means when and introduces a time clause.

So:

• Όταν καταλαβαίνω το νόημα = When I understand the meaning

In this sentence, it sets up the condition or situation under which the second part happens.

They are in the present tense because the sentence describes a general/habitual truth:

• Whenever/when I understand the meaning, I remember the word more easily.

Greek often uses the present tense for this kind of repeated situation, just like English does.

If you were talking about one future occasion, Greek would usually change the form after όταν, for example:

• Όταν καταλάβω το νόημα... = When I understand the meaning... / Once I understand the meaning...

So καταλαβαίνω here suggests a repeated or general pattern, not a single future event.

Both are in the accusative singular because they are direct objects.

• καταλαβαίνω το νόημα = I understand the meaning
• θυμάμαι τη λέξη = I remember the word

The articles show gender, number, and case:

• το = neuter singular accusative/nominative
• τη(ν) = feminine singular accusative

And the nouns are:

• νόημα = neuter
• λέξη = feminine

Greek uses the definite article very often—often more than English does.

In this sentence, το νόημα and τη λέξη sound natural because the speaker is referring to:

• the meaning of the word
• the word being learned or discussed

Even in fairly general statements, Greek commonly keeps the article where English might be a little more flexible.

Both forms exist, but τη λέξη is the normal form here.

The full article is την, but the final -ν is often dropped before certain consonants in modern Greek. Since λέξη begins with λ, dropping the -ν is standard and very common:

• τη λέξη

You will still see την before vowels and before certain consonants much more regularly.

So here, τη λέξη is completely normal.

Πιο εύκολα means more easily.

It is an adverbial comparative:

• εύκολα = easily
• πιο εύκολα = more easily

It modifies the verb θυμάμαι, not the noun λέξη. In other words, it describes how I remember the word.

That is why Greek uses εύκολα and not an adjective like εύκολη.
You are not describing the word as easy; you are describing the act of remembering as easier.

Yes. Both are possible.

• πιο εύκολα
• ευκολότερα

Both mean more easily.

The form with πιο + adverb/adjective is very common in everyday Greek and often feels a bit simpler and more conversational. The single-word comparative ευκολότερα is also correct and natural.

Greek word order is more flexible than English word order.

So these are all possible:

• θυμάμαι πιο εύκολα τη λέξη
• θυμάμαι τη λέξη πιο εύκολα

They mean essentially the same thing, but the placement can slightly shift emphasis or rhythm.

In your sentence, πιο εύκολα comes before τη λέξη, which is a very natural Greek order.

No. Here θυμάμαι has an active meaning: I remember.

It belongs to a group of Greek verbs that use middle/passive-looking forms but are translated actively in English.

So:

• θυμάμαι = I remember
• not I am remembered

This is something English speakers often notice because the ending -μαι looks like a passive form, but in modern Greek it does not always mean passive.

Because Όταν καταλαβαίνω το νόημα is an introductory subordinate clause.

Greek normally separates that opening clause from the main clause with a comma:

• Όταν καταλαβαίνω το νόημα, θυμάμαι πιο εύκολα τη λέξη.

This is similar to English:

• When I understand the meaning, I remember the word more easily.

So the comma is standard punctuation here.