Διπλώνουμε τη ζύμη ώσπου να αυξηθεί η ελαστικότητα.

In Greek instructions, recipes, and demonstrations, the 1st person plural is very common. So διπλώνουμε literally means we fold, but in context it functions like an instruction: we fold the dough = fold the dough.

It sounds a bit like English instructional style such as Now we add the flour.

Because ζύμη is the direct object of διπλώνουμε.

• η ζύμη = nominative, the dough as subject
• τη(ν) ζύμη = accusative, the dough as object

Here, the dough is the thing being folded, so Greek uses the accusative: τη ζύμη.

The accusative article is underlyingly την, but the final -ν is often dropped before certain consonants. Since ζύμη starts with ζ, τη ζύμη is the normal form here.

You will often see this pattern:

• την αγάπη but
• τη ζύμη

Some speakers keep the -ν more often in speech or writing, but τη ζύμη is completely standard.

ώσπου να means until.

It introduces the point up to which the main action continues:

• Διπλώνουμε τη ζύμη = we fold the dough
• ώσπου να αυξηθεί η ελαστικότητα = until the elasticity increases

A very close alternative is μέχρι να.

Because Greek commonly uses να + subjunctive after expressions like ώσπου when talking about something that has not happened yet but is the expected endpoint.

So ώσπου να αυξηθεί means until it increases / until it has increased.

This is a very common Greek pattern:

• μέχρι να έρθει
• ώσπου να τελειώσει
• ώσπου να αυξηθεί

Αυξηθεί is the aorist subjunctive form. After να, Greek often chooses between present and aorist subjunctive depending on aspect.

Here, the aorist is used because the sentence focuses on reaching a result: the dough reaches a higher level of elasticity.

So:

• να αυξηθεί = until the elasticity increases / has increased as a completed change
• να αυξάνεται would suggest a more ongoing or repeated sense, which is less natural here

In Modern Greek, many verbs use passive morphology for meanings that are not truly passive in English. This often happens with changes of state.

So αυξηθεί here means increase or become greater, not necessarily be increased by someone.

In other words, Greek often says something closer to be increased where English simply says increase.

Because η ελαστικότητα is the subject of αυξηθεί.

It is the elasticity that increases, so it must be in the nominative:

• η ελαστικότητα = the elasticity
• την ελαστικότητα = the elasticity as an object

So the structure is:

• we fold the dough
• until the elasticity increases

Yes, literally it is the elasticity, but Greek uses the definite article much more often than English, especially with abstract nouns.

So η ελαστικότητα can be perfectly natural even where English would simply say elasticity.

This is a very common difference between the two languages, so you should not always translate the Greek article word-for-word.

Yes. Διπλώνουμε τη ζύμη μέχρι να αυξηθεί η ελαστικότητα would be very close in meaning.

Both ώσπου να and μέχρι να can mean until. The choice is often a matter of style, rhythm, or personal preference rather than a big difference in meaning.