Δωρίζω το βιβλίο.

Δωρίζω is the verb, and here it is in the present tense, first person singular.

So it means I give as a gift, I am gifting, or I donate, depending on context.

The ending -ω is a very common ending for the I form of many Greek verbs.

Greek often drops the subject pronoun when it is already clear from the verb ending.

So:

• Δωρίζω = I gift / I am giving as a gift
• Εγώ δωρίζω = I gift, with extra emphasis on I

Because Δωρίζω already tells you the subject is I, the pronoun εγώ is usually unnecessary.

Το is the definite article, meaning the.

So:

• το βιβλίο = the book

Greek articles change depending on gender, number, and case. Here, το is the form used for a neuter singular noun like βιβλίο.

Βιβλίο is the noun book.

In this sentence it is the direct object of the verb, because it is the thing being given. So grammatically it is in the accusative case.

A useful detail: for many neuter singular nouns, the nominative and accusative forms are the same. So βιβλίο looks the same whether it is the subject or the object.

That is why you see:

• Το βιβλίο είναι εδώ. = The book is here.
  Here βιβλίο is the subject.
• Δωρίζω το βιβλίο. = I give the book as a gift.
  Here βιβλίο is the object.

Yes, it is a complete sentence.

It means that the speaker is giving the book away as a gift, but the recipient is simply not mentioned.

If you want to add the recipient, you can say something like:

• Δωρίζω το βιβλίο στη Μαρία. = I give the book to Maria as a gift.

So the sentence is complete on its own, but it can be expanded if needed.

Not exactly.

Δωρίζω specifically has the idea of giving as a gift or donating, not just handing something over in a neutral way.

So it is closer to:

• give as a present
• gift
• donate

If the situation is simply I give the book in a more neutral sense, Greek might use another verb depending on context.

Δωρίζω το βιβλίο is the most neutral and natural order here: verb + object.

Greek word order is more flexible than English, because the endings give a lot of grammatical information. That means you can change the order for emphasis.

For example:

• Δωρίζω το βιβλίο. = neutral
• Το βιβλίο δωρίζω. = emphasizes the book
• Εγώ δωρίζω το βιβλίο. = emphasizes I

So the sentence you have is the straightforward, unmarked version.

A rough pronunciation is:

dho-REE-zo to vee-VLEE-o

A few helpful points:

• Δ sounds like the th in this
• ω and ο both sound like o
• ζ sounds like z
• β sounds like v
• The stress falls on:
  • ρί in δωρίζω
  • λί in βιβλίο

So the stressed syllables are:

• δωΡΙζω
• βιΒΛΙο

Βιβλίο is a neuter noun.

That matters because in Greek, the article and sometimes other words must match the noun’s gender.

So:

• το βιβλίο = the book
  because βιβλίο is neuter singular

Learning the gender of each noun is important, because you usually learn the noun together with its article:

• το βιβλίο, not just βιβλίο

Yes.

The Greek present tense often covers both:

• a simple present idea: I give
• a progressive idea: I am giving

Which one sounds best in English depends on context.

So Δωρίζω το βιβλίο could be understood as:

• I give the book as a gift
• I am giving the book as a gift

You can say Δωρίζω βιβλίο, but it does not mean exactly the same thing.

• Δωρίζω το βιβλίο = I am giving the book
  a specific book
• Δωρίζω βιβλίο = I am giving a book / books, or speaking more generally

Greek often uses the definite article more regularly than English, especially when talking about a specific thing. So in your sentence, το is there because the speaker means a particular book.

The dictionary form is δωρίζω itself.

In Greek, verbs are usually listed in the first person singular present form, unlike English, where dictionaries usually list forms like give or donate without a subject.

So if you look this verb up, you would normally find it as:

• δωρίζω

That is both the dictionary form and the form used in this sentence.