Die Leitung führt Strom.

In this sentence, die Leitung means something like the cable, the wire, the line, or the conductor.

It is a technical word, so the best English translation depends on context:

• in electrical context: wire / cable / line
• in plumbing or gas context: pipe / line

Here, because the sentence mentions Strom, it clearly refers to an electrical line or wire, not management or leadership.

Because Leitung is a feminine noun in German.

Its dictionary form is:

• die Leitung = the line / cable / wire

So the article has to be die in the singular nominative form.

Good question, because die can mean both:

• the for a feminine singular noun
• the for a plural noun

You know it is singular here because the verb is führt, which is third person singular.

Compare:

• Die Leitung führt Strom. = The line carries current.
• Die Leitungen führen Strom. = The lines carry current.

So the verb tells you that Leitung is singular here.

führt is the third person singular present tense form of führen.

The subject is die Leitung, which is singular, so the verb must also be singular:

• ich führe
• du führst
• er / sie / es führt

So:

• die Leitung führt

Not in the usual lead sense.

führen has several meanings in German, including:

• to lead
• to carry
• to conduct
• to convey

In this sentence, it means something like:

• to carry current
• to conduct electricity

So you should not understand it as the wire leads electricity somewhere in a literal English way. It is a technical use of the verb.

Here, Strom is the direct object, so it is in the accusative case.

The structure is:

• Die Leitung = subject
• führt = verb
• Strom = direct object

So the sentence follows a basic pattern:

• subject + verb + object

Because Strom is being used as a mass noun in a general sense, like water, electricity, or air in English.

German often omits the article with this kind of noun when speaking generally:

• Die Leitung führt Strom.
• Das Rohr führt Wasser.

This sounds natural and means the line carries electric current/electricity in general, not some specific, individually identified current.

It can mean either, depending on context.

In everyday German:

• Strom often means electricity
  • Wir haben keinen Strom. = We have no electricity.

In technical contexts:

• Strom often means electric current

In Die Leitung führt Strom, the idea is closer to:

• The line is carrying current or
• The line has electricity running through it

So both electricity and current are possible translations, but current is often the more precise one.

In a normal German main clause, the finite verb usually comes in second position.

So the basic order here is:

• Die Leitung = position 1
• führt = position 2
• Strom = rest of the clause

That is why Die Leitung führt Strom is the normal order.

A form like Die Leitung Strom führt is not correct as a normal main clause.

Yes, and that is also very natural German.

There is a slight nuance:

• Strom leiten often emphasizes the ability to conduct electricity
• Strom führen often emphasizes that current is actually present in the line, or that the line carries current

So:

• Die Leitung leitet Strom. = The wire conducts electricity.
• Die Leitung führt Strom. = The wire is carrying current.

In many contexts, both are possible, but the given sentence sounds especially natural if you want to say the line is live or has current flowing through it.

Yes. Leitung is a very flexible noun in German. It can mean:

• line
• cable
• wire
• pipe
• conduit
• management / leadership

For example:

• elektrische Leitung = electrical cable / wire
• Wasserleitung = water pipe / water line
• unter der Leitung von ... = under the direction of ...

So you always need the context to know which meaning is intended.

Because in German, all nouns are capitalized.

So:

• die Leitung
• der Strom
• das Haus
• die Frau

This is one of the most noticeable spelling differences between German and English.