Li venos malfrue hodiaŭ.

He will come late today.

Breakdown of Li venos malfrue hodiaŭ.

• li: he
• hodiaŭ: today
• veni: to come
• malfrue: late

Questions & Answers about Li venos malfrue hodiaŭ.

What does Li mean in this sentence?

Li is the third-person singular pronoun meaning "he." It serves as the subject of the sentence without any articles or additional modifications.

How is the future tense expressed in the verb venos?

The verb venos is formed from the root ven- (meaning "to come") combined with the future ending -os. In Esperanto, all verbs in the future tense uniformly receive the -os ending, which makes it easy to recognize that the speaker is referring to a future action.

What does malfrue mean, and how is it formed?

Malfrue is an adverb meaning "late." In Esperanto, adverbs typically end in -e. The word is built using the prefix mal-, which indicates the opposite of a basic quality. Although the base adjective might be understood as implying an earlier state (often seen with adjectives where their opposites are more common), in this case malfrue straightforwardly conveys that the action is performed late.

What role does hodiaŭ play in the sentence?

Hodiaŭ means "today." It functions as an adverb of time in the sentence, specifying when the action of coming will take place.

Does Esperanto require a rigid word order like English, or is there flexibility?

Esperanto is designed with a flexible word order because grammatical roles are clearly marked by word endings rather than position alone. While the typical order is Subject-Verb-Object (SVO)—as seen in Li venos malfrue hodiaŭ—the language allows different arrangements without causing confusion, as long as the endings of words remain clear.

What is the purpose of the prefix mal- in Esperanto, as seen in malfrue?

The prefix mal- is used in Esperanto to form an antonym or express the opposite quality of a word. In many cases, a positive adjective can be inverted to its negative counterpart by adding mal-. In malfrue, although the root may be linked to an idea of earliness, the addition of mal- transforms it, resulting in the meaning "late."