Diskussionsspørgsmålet handler om miljøskildringen.

Because Danish, like German, very often makes compound nouns by writing them as a single word.

So:

• diskussion = discussion
• spørgsmål = question
• diskussionsspørgsmål = discussion question

Then the definite ending is added:

• diskussionsspørgsmålet = the discussion question

In English, we usually write this kind of thing as separate words, but Danish normally joins them.

The -s- is a linking s used in some Danish compounds.

So this is:

• diskussion
• • linking s
• • spørgsmål

This -s- does not mean possession here. It is just part of how the compound is formed. Danish has many words like this, and sometimes the -s- appears naturally between the two parts.

Because Danish usually adds the definite article to the end of the noun.

Here:

• et spørgsmål = a question
• spørgsmålet = the question

spørgsmål is a neuter noun, so the singular definite ending is -et.

That is why diskussionsspørgsmålet means the discussion question.

For the same reason: Danish often puts the at the end of the noun.

• en skildring = a depiction / a portrayal / a description
• skildringen = the depiction / the portrayal / the description

skildring is a common-gender noun, so the singular definite ending is -en.

Handler om is a very common expression meaning:

• is about
• deals with
• concerns

So:

• Diskussionsspørgsmålet handler om miljøskildringen
  = The discussion question is about the depiction of the environment/setting.

It is best to learn handle om as a fixed expression.

Because the verb handle in the sense of be about normally takes the preposition om.

Compare:

• Bogen handler om kærlighed. = The book is about love.
• Filmen handler om en familie. = The film is about a family.

So in this sentence, handler om works together as one unit.

It is another compound noun:

• miljø = environment, surroundings, setting
• skildring = depiction, portrayal, description

So miljøskildring means something like:

• depiction of the environment
• portrayal of the setting
• description of the surroundings

In literary or text-analysis contexts, it often refers to how the setting/environment is described.

This is the normal Danish word order for a simple main clause:

• subject + verb + rest

So:

• Diskussionsspørgsmålet = subject
• handler = verb
• om miljøskildringen = prepositional phrase

Danish is a V2 language, which means the finite verb usually comes in the second position in main clauses. In this sentence, the subject comes first, so the verb comes right after it.

Not usually in the same way.

• handler om is the natural expression for is about
• er om is generally not used that way

So you would say:

• Spørgsmålet handler om miljøskildringen.

not normally:

• Spørgsmålet er om miljøskildringen.

The second one sounds wrong in Danish.

It can mean different things depending on context.

miljø can refer to:

• the physical environment
• surroundings
• social environment
• atmosphere
• setting in a story

In a school or literature context, miljøskildring often means the description of the setting or surroundings in a text, not just nature or ecology.