هي تشغل الغسالة.

In Arabic, the verb تشغل already contains subject information, so هي is not strictly necessary.

• تشغل الغسالة can already mean She operates/turns on the washing machine.
• Adding هي makes the subject more explicit.
• It can also add a little emphasis or contrast, like She is the one operating it.

So هي is often optional here.

تشغل is in the imperfect form, which usually covers:

• present: she operates / she turns on
• habitual: she usually operates / turns on
• sometimes near future, depending on context

So by itself, it most naturally means something like she operates or she is turning on.

In the Arabic imperfect, prefixes show the person.

Here, تـ can mark several meanings depending on context, including:

• she
• you (masculine singular)
• you (feminine singular)

That is why هي is useful here: it makes it clear that the meaning is she.

With the meaning given here, the intended pronunciation is most likely:

• تُشَغِّلُ
• tu-shagh-ghi-lu

A few helpful notes:

• غ is ghayn, a deep throaty sound, often approximated as gh
• the middle consonant is doubled in pronunciation: shagh-ghi
• in normal Arabic writing, short vowels and the doubling mark are often not written, so تشغل can look ambiguous on the page

Yes. Since everyday Arabic writing usually leaves out short vowels, تشغل can be read in more than one way.

For example:

• تُشَغِّلُ = she operates / turns on
• تَشْغَلُ = she occupies / keeps busy / occupies space

In this sentence, because the object is الغسالة and the meaning is already known, the intended reading is clearly she operates/turns on the washing machine.

الغسالة means the washing machine.

It breaks down like this:

• الـ = the
• غسالة = washing machine

The word غسالة is related to the root غ-س-ل, which has to do with washing.

So the whole noun literally comes from the idea of something used for washing.

الـ is the Arabic definite article, meaning the.

So:

• غسالة = a washing machine / washing machine
• الغسالة = the washing machine

In this sentence, the object is definite, so Arabic uses الـ.

Classical and formal Arabic often uses verb-subject-object order, but subject-verb-object is also very common.

So Arabic could say:

• تشغل الغسالة = She operates the washing machine
• هي تشغل الغسالة = She operates the washing machine

Starting with هي makes the subject especially clear and can feel a bit more explicit or emphatic. Both patterns are normal.

Here الغسالة is the direct object of the verb, so in fully vocalized MSA it would be in the accusative case:

• الغسالةَ

In ordinary writing, that final short vowel is usually not written, so you normally just see:

• الغسالة

If everything were fully marked, the sentence would be:

• هِيَ تُشَغِّلُ الغَسَّالَةَ

Because غ is a moon letter, not a sun letter.

That means the ل in الـ is pronounced normally:

• الغسالة = al-ghassāla

Compare that with a sun-letter word, where the l sound assimilates. That does not happen here.

Yes. The ending ـة is called taa marbuta.

A few useful points:

• it often appears on feminine nouns
• when pausing, it is usually pronounced like -a
• in connected speech or grammatical contexts, it can sound like -at in some forms

Here, in normal pause pronunciation, غسالة is pronounced roughly ghassāla.

The basic past-tense dictionary form is most likely:

• شغّل = to operate, run, turn on

From that, the imperfect form here is:

• تُشَغِّلُ = she operates / turns on

This is useful because many Arabic dictionaries list verbs under the past-tense masculine singular form.