مصروف ثابت ومصروف متغير.

In this context, مصروف means expense or cost.

So:

• مصروف ثابت = fixed expense
• مصروف متغير = variable expense

A learner may already know مصروف in everyday Arabic as something related to money spent or spending, and that is the same basic idea here.

In Arabic, adjectives normally come after the noun they describe.

So Arabic says:

• مصروف ثابت literally: expense fixed
• مصروف متغير literally: expense variable

This is the normal Arabic pattern:

• noun + adjective

That is different from English, where adjectives usually come first:

• fixed expense
• variable expense

Repeating مصروف makes the phrase clearer and more balanced:

• مصروف ثابت ومصروف متغير

This clearly presents two separate categories:

1. a fixed expense
2. a variable expense

You may sometimes hear or see shortened phrasing like مصروف ثابت ومتغير, but repeating the noun is often more precise, especially in formal or educational contexts.

Because مصروف is a masculine singular noun, the adjectives must match it.

Arabic adjectives agree with the noun in:

• gender
• number
• definiteness
• case

So:

• مصروف is masculine singular
• therefore the adjectives are masculine singular:
  • ثابت
  • متغير

If the noun were feminine, the adjectives would also usually be feminine.

Not really. It is more naturally understood as a phrase, label, or heading rather than a full sentence.

It is like saying:

• fixed expense and variable expense

in a chart, lesson, or accounting context.

Arabic often uses short noun phrases like this in titles, headings, lists, and classifications.

A common pronunciation is:

maṣrūf thābit wa-maṣrūf mutaghayyir

A rough breakdown:

• مصروف = maṣrūf
• ثابت = thābit
• و = wa = and
• متغير = mutaghayyir

A few pronunciation notes:

• ث in ثابت is like th in think
• غ in متغير is a deep throaty sound not found in standard English
• the و here is the conjunction and, pronounced wa, and it attaches to the next word in writing

Yes, if fully vowelled and read as an isolated nominative phrase, it could be written:

مَصْرُوفٌ ثَابِتٌ وَمَصْرُوفٌ مُتَغَيِّرٌ

In normal Arabic writing, short vowels and case endings are usually omitted, especially in everyday print.

So learners typically see:

مصروف ثابت ومصروف متغير

without the vowel marks.

Also, the exact case ending depends on the larger sentence. For example, in another context it could be accusative or genitive. When the phrase stands alone as a heading or label, case endings are usually not written.

Because the phrase is written in the indefinite form:

• مصروف ثابت = a fixed expense
• مصروف متغير = a variable expense

If you wanted to make them definite, you would usually say:

• المصروف الثابت والمصروف المتغير

That would mean something like:

• the fixed expense and the variable expense
• or fixed expense and variable expense as named categories

In Arabic, the adjective matches the noun in definiteness, so if the noun has ال, the adjective usually has ال too:

• مصروف ثابت
• المصروف الثابت

not المصروف ثابت when it is just a noun + adjective phrase.

و means and.

It is attached directly to the following word in Arabic writing:

• ومصروف

not usually written separately as و مصروف

So:

• مصروف ثابت ومصروف متغير = fixed expense and variable expense

This attached و is extremely common in Arabic.

متغير literally means something like changing or variable.

In this context, it means a cost that is not constant and can change depending on circumstances.

So while the natural English translation is variable expense, it helps to know that the adjective itself comes from the idea of change.

No. ثابت is a very common adjective meaning fixed, stable, or constant, depending on context.

For example, it can describe:

• a fixed price
• a constant value
• something stable or established

In مصروف ثابت, it means fixed in the financial sense.

Yes. Depending on context, Arabic may also use words like:

• نفقة
• تكلفة
• مصروفات / نفقات for plural expenses

But مصروف is very understandable and common in financial or practical contexts.

The best choice can depend on whether you mean:

• one expense item
• expenses in general
• cost
• expenditure

So مصروف ثابت ومصروف متغير is correct, but it is not the only possible wording in Arabic.

A common plural way to express that would be:

• مصروفات ثابتة ومصروفات متغيرة

Here the noun is plural, and the adjectives also change to agree with it.

Notice the adjective agreement:

• مصروفات = plural
• ثابتة = plural non-human agreement form
• متغيرة = plural non-human agreement form

In Modern Standard Arabic, non-human plural nouns usually take feminine singular adjectives, which is why you see:

• ثابتة
• متغيرة

rather than a masculine plural adjective.

In this phrase, they are understood as adjectives because they come after a noun and describe it:

• مصروف ثابت = an expense that is fixed
• مصروف متغير = an expense that is variable

Arabic often relies on position and agreement to show this relationship.

A noun followed by a matching descriptive word is very often a noun + adjective structure.

Yes, depending on context, that may be a perfectly natural translation.

Financial vocabulary does not always match one-to-one across languages. In some contexts:

• مصروف may be translated as expense
• in other contexts, a learner or translator might choose cost

If the meaning already shown to the learner uses expense, that is fine. If the surrounding topic is accounting or economics, cost may also make sense in some situations.