المصد يتضرر بسبب التصادم.

Yes. This sentence uses a very common Arabic pattern:

subject + verb + prepositional phrase

So:

• المصد = the bumper
• يتضرر = gets damaged / is damaged
• بسبب التصادم = because of the collision

Arabic also often allows a verb-first order, but starting with the noun is completely normal, especially when the speaker wants to present the topic first: the bumper.

المصد means the bumper, usually a car bumper.

A likely pronunciation is:

al-miṣadd

Notes:

• الـ = the
• مصد is the noun bumper
• The ṣ sound is an emphatic s
• The doubled final consonant comes from the shadda on دّ if fully vocalized as مِصَدّ

Because م is a moon letter, the l in الـ is pronounced clearly: al-miṣadd, not assimilated.

الـ is the Arabic definite article, meaning the.

So:

• المصد = the bumper
• التصادم = the collision

Arabic uses الـ much like English uses the, although usage is not always identical between the two languages.

In Arabic, the present tense can express more than just present time. It can also describe:

• a general fact
• a usual result
• an ongoing process
• something that happens in such situations

So يتضرر can mean:

• gets damaged
• is damaged
• becomes damaged

In this sentence, it gives a general or descriptive sense: The bumper gets damaged because of the collision.

If you wanted a clearly past event, Arabic could use a past form such as تضرر المصد بسبب التصادم.

يتضرر comes from the root ض ر ر, which is related to harm or damage.

The verb is from Form V:

• past: تضرر
• present: يتضرر

Form V often gives a meaning like:

• becoming affected by something
• undergoing the action
• being harmed / being damaged

So يتضرر here means to be damaged or to suffer damage, rather than to damage something else.

That is why it fits well with the bumper as the thing receiving the damage.

Yes. بسبب is a very common way to say because of.

Breakdown:

• بـ = by / because of / due to
• سبب = cause, reason

Together, بسبب literally means something like by reason of.

Other possible expressions include:

• نتيجةً لـ = as a result of
• بفعل = due to, as a result of
• لأن / لأنّ = because

But بسبب is one of the most straightforward choices before a noun, as in:

• بسبب التصادم = because of the collision

Yes. In Arabic, a noun after a preposition is normally in the genitive case.

So after بسبب, the noun التصادم is genitive.

If full case endings were written, it would be:

بسببِ التصادمِ

In normal everyday Arabic writing, those short vowel endings are usually omitted, but the grammatical case is still there.

Because ت is a sun letter.

When الـ comes before a sun letter, the l sound assimilates into the next consonant in pronunciation.

So:

• written: التصادم
• pronounced: at-taṣādum

But the spelling does not change; only the pronunciation does.

This is different from المصد, where م is a moon letter, so the l is pronounced: al-miṣadd.

Both can relate to collision, but they come from different patterns and can have slightly different shades of meaning.

• التصادم comes from Form VI and often suggests mutual collision or things colliding with each other
• الاصطدام is also commonly used for collision or crash

In many practical contexts, especially about vehicles, both may be understood similarly. In this sentence, التصادم works well because it naturally conveys the idea of a collision occurring.

Yes, depending on context.

يتضرر can be translated in several natural ways:

• gets damaged
• is damaged
• suffers damage

If the sentence is describing what happens in a crash generally, gets damaged may sound better. If it is describing the condition of the bumper, is damaged may also be acceptable.

The best English choice depends on whether you want to emphasize:

• the process/result → gets damaged
• the state → is damaged

It is usually treated as a nominal sentence because it begins with a noun:

المصد = the bumper

Then يتضرر functions as the predicate part describing it.

So structurally, it starts with the topic the bumper, then tells you what happens to it.

If the sentence were:

يتضرر المصد بسبب التصادم

that would be more clearly a verbal sentence, since it begins with the verb.

Both are possible, but the version you gave puts focus on the bumper first.