هي تناقش منهج الدورة في المستوى المتوسط.

Because Arabic verbs already include subject information, تناقش by itself can mean she discusses / she is discussing.

So هي is not strictly necessary here. It is often added for:

• emphasis,
• clarity,
• contrast.

For example:

• تناقش منهج الدورة... = a complete sentence by itself.
• هي تناقش منهج الدورة... = more explicit, like she is discussing...

So the pronoun is optional here, not required.

تناقش is the 3rd person feminine singular imperfect form of the verb ناقش.

That means:

• 3rd person = he/she, not I or you
• feminine singular = she
• imperfect = usually present, ongoing, habitual, or sometimes future depending on context

Its basic meaning is to discuss.

So:

• هي تناقش = she discusses / she is discussing

The Arabic imperfect can cover several ideas that English splits up:

• present: she discusses
• continuous present: she is discussing
• habitual: she usually discusses
• future: she will discuss

Context decides which one is meant.

If Arabic wants to make the future clearer, it often adds:

• سـ or
• سوف

For example:

• ستناقش = she will discuss
• سوف تناقش = she will discuss

Without those markers, تناقش is usually understood as present or general/habitual unless the context suggests future.

This is an iḍāfa construction, often called a genitive construct.

It works like this:

• منهج = curriculum / syllabus / method
• الدورة = the course

Together:

• منهج الدورة = the curriculum of the course
• more naturally in English: the course curriculum or the course syllabus

In an iḍāfa:

1. the first noun is the main thing,
2. the second noun tells whose/what it is.

So here, منهج is the thing being discussed, and الدورة specifies it.

Because in an iḍāfa, the first noun normally does not take الـ.

So Arabic says:

• منهج الدورة

not:

• المنهج الدورة

Even without الـ on منهج, the whole phrase can still be definite because the second noun is definite:

• الدورة = the course

That makes the whole phrase definite:

• منهج الدورة = the course curriculum

So the definiteness of the whole phrase comes from the second noun.

Not always. دورة can mean different things depending on context, such as:

• course
• training course
• session
• cycle

In this sentence, course is the most natural meaning:

• الدورة = the course

So منهج الدورة is best understood as the course curriculum / syllabus.

في المستوى المتوسط means something like:

• at the intermediate level
• in the intermediate level

Here:

• في = in / at
• المستوى = the level
• المتوسط = intermediate

So literally it is:

• in the intermediate level

But in natural English we usually say:

• at the intermediate level

As for the word order: Arabic adjectives usually come after the noun they describe.

So:

• المستوى المتوسط = the intermediate level

Also, the adjective must match the noun in things like:

• definiteness,
• gender,
• number,
• case.

That is why both words have الـ:

• المستوى
• المتوسط

A fully vocalized version would be:

هِيَ تُناقِشُ مَنهَجَ الدَّورَةِ في المُستَوَى المُتَوَسِّطِ

A few useful notes:

• تُناقِشُ: ends with ـُ because it is in the normal indicative form
• مَنهَجَ: ends with ـَ because it is the direct object of تناقش
• الدَّورَةِ: ends with ـِ because it is the second part of the iḍāfa
• في المُستَوَى: after في, the noun is genitive
• المُتَوَسِّطِ: also genitive because it describes المستوى

One small pronunciation detail:

• الدورة is pronounced ad-dawra, not al-dawra, because د is a sun letter.

Good question. المستوى ends in ى (alif maqṣūra), so its case ending is not clearly pronounced the way it would be on a regular noun.

After في, it is grammatically genitive, but the ending does not change audibly in the usual way.

So even though you may not hear a clear final -i on المستوى, it is still in the genitive position because it comes after the preposition في.

The adjective after it shows the case more clearly:

• المتوسطِ has a visible/hearable genitive ending.

Yes, to some extent.

Possible versions include:

• هي تناقش منهج الدورة في المستوى المتوسط
• تتناقش؟ No — that would change the form and meaning, so not here.
• تناقش منهج الدورة في المستوى المتوسط
• تناقش هي منهج الدورة في المستوى المتوسط (possible, but more marked)

The most natural alternatives are:

• هي تناقش... = explicit she
• تناقش... = same basic meaning without the pronoun

So yes, the pronoun can be omitted, and Arabic word order is somewhat flexible, but different orders can sound more or less emphatic.