هو فقد الوثيقة أمس.

A fully vocalized reading is هُوَ فَقَدَ الوَثِيقَةَ أَمْسِ.

A rough pronunciation is huwa faqada al-wathīqata amsi.

A few sound notes:

• هُوَ = huwa
• فَقَدَ = faqada
• ث in الوثيقة sounds like th in think
• ق is a deep q sound, farther back than English k
• In ordinary Arabic writing, the short vowels are usually not written, which is why the original sentence appears without them.

Here is the basic breakdown:

• هو = he
• فقد = lost
• الوثيقة = the document
• أمس = yesterday

Grammatically:

• هو is the subject pronoun
• فقدَ is a past-tense verb
• الوثيقةَ is the direct object
• أمسِ is an adverb of time

Because Arabic verbs already show the subject, هو is often optional here.

So فقدَ الوثيقةَ أمسِ already means he lost the document yesterday.

Adding هو can:

• add emphasis
• create contrast
• make the subject extra clear

So هو فقد الوثيقة أمس can feel a bit like He lost the document yesterday with stress on he.

فقدَ is in the Arabic perfect form, which usually corresponds to the English past tense.

In many contexts, it can translate as either:

• lost
• has lost

But in this sentence, أمس means yesterday, so the meaning is clearly simple past: lost yesterday.

Because the subject is هو, which means he.

Arabic verbs agree with the subject, not the object.

So:

• subject = هو = masculine singular
• verb = فقدَ = masculine singular past

The noun الوثيقة is feminine, but it is the object, so it does not control the verb’s gender here.

وثيقة is a feminine noun in Arabic. You can tell because it ends in ة.

Here, that matters for the noun itself, but not for the verb, because الوثيقة is the object, not the subject.

So the sentence stays:

• هو فقد الوثيقة أمس

If الوثيقة were the subject in another sentence, then feminine agreement would matter more.

الـ is the definite article, meaning the.

So:

• وثيقة = a document
• الوثيقة = the document

Since the English meaning already has the document, Arabic uses الوثيقة.

Because it is the direct object of the verb, so in fully vocalized Modern Standard Arabic it takes the accusative ending.

That gives:

• الوثيقةَ

In normal Arabic writing, that final short vowel is usually omitted, so you just see:

• الوثيقة

This is very common in Arabic texts.

أمس means yesterday.

It functions as an adverb of time, telling you when the action happened.

So in this sentence:

• فقد الوثيقة = lost the document
• أمس = yesterday

In careful formal vocalization, you may see it read as أمسِ.

Yes, this word order is grammatical, but Arabic often also likes verb-first order.

So all of these can be possible depending on style and emphasis:

• هو فقد الوثيقة أمس
• فقد الوثيقة أمس

The second version is often more neutral and natural if there is no special emphasis on he.

Starting with هو makes the sentence feel more like a topic-comment structure, with extra focus on the subject.

Yes. Arabic allows some flexibility with adverbs of time.

For example:

• هو فقد الوثيقة أمس
• أمس فقد الوثيقة
• فقد الوثيقة أمس

The meaning stays basically the same, but the emphasis changes.

Putting أمس at the end is a very neutral choice.

Because ordinary Arabic writing usually leaves out short vowels and most case endings.

So learners often see:

• هو فقد الوثيقة أمس

But a fully vocalized version would be:

• هُوَ فَقَدَ الوَثِيقَةَ أَمْسِ

This is one reason Arabic reading depends heavily on grammar and context.

Yes. Without vowels, فقد can represent different things in Arabic.

In this sentence, context makes it clear that it is the verb:

• فَقَدَ = he lost

But in other contexts, the same written form can be interpreted differently.

That is normal in unvowelled Arabic, and learners gradually get used to using context to decide the correct reading.

The root is ف-ق-د.

This root is connected with ideas of:

• loss
• absence
• missing something

Related words include:

• فقدان = loss
• مفقود = lost / missing

Learning roots is very helpful in Arabic because it lets you connect many related words.

You would usually say:

هو لم يفقد الوثيقة أمس

or simply:

لم يفقد الوثيقة أمس

Here, لم negates the action in the past.

So:

• فقدَ = he lost
• لم يفقد = he did not lose

Again, هو is optional unless you want emphasis or clarity.