وزن العفش كبير.

In Arabic, the present tense often uses a nominal sentence, which does not need a separate word for is.

So:

وزن العفش كبير
literally = the weight of the furniture big

but naturally it means:

The weight of the furniture is great / The furniture is heavy.

If you wanted was, will be, etc., then Arabic would usually use a verb such as كان.

Because وزن العفش is an iḍāfa construction, often called a construct phrase.

This structure works like:

noun + noun = the noun of the noun / the noun's noun

So here:

• وزن = weight
• العفش = the furniture

Together:

وزن العفش = the weight of the furniture

In an iḍāfa:

• the first noun normally does not take الـ
• the second noun can be definite with الـ
• if the second noun is definite, the whole phrase becomes definite

So وزن العفش means the weight of the furniture, not just a weight of furniture.

Yes. وزن العفش acts as a single noun phrase.

It is the subject/topic of the sentence, and كبير is the comment/predicate about it.

So the sentence breaks down like this:

• وزن العفش = the weight of the furniture
• كبير = big / great

This is very common in Arabic:

• باب البيت = the door of the house
• لون السيارة = the color of the car
• وزن العفش = the weight of the furniture

Because كبير agrees with وزن, not with العفش.

The head noun in the iḍāfa is وزن (weight), and that word is:

• masculine
• singular

So the adjective/predicate is also masculine singular:

وزن العفش كبير

Even though العفش refers to furniture, the sentence is not saying the furniture is big. It is saying the weight is big/great.

Because here كبير is the predicate of the sentence, not an adjective inside the noun phrase.

Compare:

• وزن العفش كبير = The weight of the furniture is great
• وزن العفش الكبير = the great/big weight of the furniture

In the first sentence, كبير is telling you something about the subject, so it stays indefinite.

This is very normal in Arabic nominal sentences.

Yes, كبير literally means big or great.

But with weight, Arabic can say that the weight is big/great, which naturally corresponds to English heavy.

So the logic is:

• وزن العفش كبير = the furniture's weight is great
• natural English = the furniture is heavy

This sentence focuses on the amount of weight, not directly on the object itself.

Yes, absolutely.

العفش ثقيل = The furniture is heavy

That is a more direct way to say it.

Compared with that:

• العفش ثقيل = direct, simple, very natural
• وزن العفش كبير = more focused on the weight itself

So the given sentence is understandable and fine, but in everyday speech many people would probably prefer العفش ثقيل if they simply mean the furniture is heavy.

Yes, العفش is very common in Levantine Arabic.

It usually means:

• furniture
• sometimes more broadly belongings, especially household stuff

أثاث is the more formal or Standard Arabic word for furniture.

So:

• العفش = colloquial, very common in Levantine
• الأثاث = more formal / MSA

A Levantine speaker is very likely to use عفش in everyday conversation.

A rough Levantine pronunciation would be something like:

wazn il-ʿafesh kbiir

You may also hear a helping vowel inserted, especially in fast or careful speech, something like:

wazen l-ʿafesh kbiir

A few notes:

• كبير is often pronounced kbiir in Levantine, not kabīr as in careful Standard Arabic.
• ال in العفش does not assimilate, because ع is a moon letter, not a sun letter.

Pronunciation varies by country and city, so small differences are normal.

Grammatically, العفش is usually treated as a singular collective noun in colloquial Arabic.

It refers to furniture as a group, much like English furniture, which is also grammatically singular even though it refers to many items.

So you usually do not treat it like a normal countable plural noun.

That said, in this specific sentence, the agreement is with وزن, so the singular/plural issue of العفش is not the main factor.

Yes, but وزن العفش كبير is the basic, neutral order.

In Levantine, another natural way to say something similar is:

العفش وزنه كبير
literally: the furniture, its weight is great

That structure is also common in spoken Arabic, especially when the speaker wants to start with the topic العفش.

So both ideas are possible, but:

• وزن العفش كبير = straightforward statement about the weight
• العفش وزنه كبير = starts with the furniture as the topic

Yes, in fully vocalized Standard Arabic it would be:

وَزْنُ العَفْشِ كَبِيرٌ

That shows:

• وزنُ with ḍamma because it is the subject
• العفشِ with kasra because it is the second part of the iḍāfa
• كبيرٌ with ḍamma/tanwīn because it is the predicate

But in Levantine speech, these case endings are not pronounced, and in everyday writing they are usually omitted.