هاي قهوة.

هاي means this here. It is a feminine singular demonstrative, so it is used with feminine nouns.

In هاي قهوة, it points to قهوة.

Because قهوة is a feminine noun in Arabic.

A very common clue is the ending ـة. Nouns with this ending are often feminine, so the demonstrative has to match.

• هاي قهوة = feminine
• A masculine noun would usually take something like هاد in many Levantine varieties

Arabic demonstratives normally agree with the noun in gender.

In Arabic, the verb to be is usually left out in the present tense.

So instead of saying something literally like This is coffee, Arabic just says:

• هاي قهوة

This is completely normal.
The idea of is is understood automatically.

A common Levantine pronunciation is:

• haay 'ahwe

A few notes:

• هاي sounds like haay
• قهوة is often pronounced 'ahwe in urban Levantine speech
• The symbol ' here represents a glottal stop, a brief catch in the throat

Depending on the region, pronunciation can vary a bit.

Because spoken Levantine and written Arabic do not always match exactly.

In many Levantine dialects, the letter ق is often pronounced as a glottal stop rather than a strong q sound.

So:

• written: قهوة
• often spoken: 'ahwe

This is very common in colloquial Levantine.

In Levantine, the final ـة is often pronounced more like -e when pausing at the end of the word.

So قهوة is often heard as:

• 'ahwe

In Modern Standard Arabic, the same word is qahwa, with a more obvious -a sound at the end.

Because قهوة is being used indefinitely here: it means coffee, not the coffee.

So:

• هاي قهوة = This is coffee
• هاي القهوة = This is the coffee / This coffee

Without ال, the noun is indefinite.

Yes, in some contexts it can.

Arabic often allows a phrase like this to be understood either as:

• a full sentence: This is coffee
• or a noun phrase: this coffee

Usually, context and intonation make the meaning clear.

So if someone is identifying a drink, هاي قهوة naturally means This is coffee.
In another context, it could be understood as this coffee.

No. Levantine has regional variation.

For feminine this, you may hear different forms such as:

• هاي
• هيدي

For example:

• Palestinian/Jordanian speech often uses هاي
• Lebanese and much Syrian speech often uses هيدي

So هاي قهوة is good Levantine, but another region might prefer a slightly different demonstrative.

In Modern Standard Arabic, it would be:

• هذه قهوة

The structure is the same idea:

• هذه = this for feminine nouns
• قهوة = coffee

And just like in Levantine, there is still no present-tense word for is.