القميص ده من القطن.

In Egyptian Arabic, the demonstrative ده (this, masculine) usually comes after the noun:

القميص ده = this shirt

That is the normal everyday Egyptian pattern.
So instead of English-style this shirt, Egyptian says something more like the-shirt this.

A few common patterns are:

• الولد ده = this boy
• البيت ده = this house
• القميص ده = this shirt

This is one of the biggest differences from English word order.

In Arabic, especially in the present tense, the verb to be is usually not expressed.

So:

القميص ده من القطن
literally looks like: the-shirt this from the-cotton

But it means:

This shirt is made of cotton / This shirt is cotton

This is completely normal in Arabic. In present-tense sentences, Arabic often leaves out is / am / are.

من usually means from, but in this sentence it means made of or made from.

So:

• من القطن = of cotton / made of cotton

This use is very common when talking about materials:

• من خشب = made of wood
• من دهب = made of gold
• من بلاستيك = made of plastic

So in this sentence, من introduces the material.

الـ is the Arabic definite article, like the in English.

So:

• القميص = the shirt
• القطن = the cotton

In Egyptian Arabic, materials are often said with الـ in sentences like this, so من القطن sounds natural for made of cotton.

Also, because القميص ده means this shirt, the noun is definite, so القميص naturally has الـ.

A natural Egyptian pronunciation is roughly:

il-ʔamīṣ da min il-ʔuṭn

Very approximate breakdown:

• القميص → il-ʔamīṣ
• ده → da
• من → min
• القطن → il-ʔuṭn

A few notes:

• The ق in Egyptian Arabic is often pronounced as a glottal stop (ʔ) in many words.
• ده is usually pronounced da.
• الـ is often pronounced il- or el-, depending on accent and transcription style.

Yes. ده is the masculine singular this in Egyptian Arabic.

Since القميص (shirt) is masculine, ده is correct.

If the noun were feminine, you would usually use دي:

• الشنطة دي = this bag
• العربية دي = this car

So the demonstrative has to match the gender of the noun.

This is Egyptian Arabic because of ده.

In Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), you would normally say:

هذا القميص من القطن

Key difference:

• Egyptian: القميص ده
• MSA: هذا القميص

So the main Egyptian feature here is the post-noun demonstrative ده.

Not if you mean this shirt in the normal way.

In Egyptian Arabic, the normal phrase is:

القميص ده = this shirt

Putting ده before the noun does not usually work the same way as English this shirt.

So for a beginner, the safe rule is:

• noun + ده for masculine singular
• noun + دي for feminine singular

It is basically:

[noun phrase] + [prepositional phrase]

So:

• القميص ده = this shirt
• من القطن = of cotton / made of cotton

Together:

القميص ده من القطن = This shirt is made of cotton.

Because Arabic often omits is in the present tense, the sentence does not need an extra verb.

In context, it most naturally means made of cotton.

Literally, من means from, so the phrase is literally from cotton, but in normal English we say:

• made of cotton
• cotton
• cotton-made

So yes, the everyday meaning here is that the shirt’s material is cotton.

A natural Egyptian sentence is already:

القميص ده من القطن

If you want a little more explicit wording, people may also say things like:

• القميص ده معمول من القطن = This shirt is made of cotton
• القميص ده قطن = This shirt is cotton / a cotton shirt

But القميص ده من القطن is already very normal and clear.