هشتغل يوم الخميس.

Because هشتغل is made of two parts:

• ه- = a future marker in Egyptian Arabic
• اشتغل = work

So هشتغل means I will work or I’m going to work.

In Egyptian Arabic, this verb usually comes from اشتغل / يشتغل, which is a very common way to say to work.

In Arabic, the verb itself usually shows who is doing the action.
In هشتغل, the form already tells you the subject is I.

So Arabic often does not need a separate pronoun like أنا.

You could say أنا هشتغل يوم الخميس if you want extra emphasis, but it is not necessary.

In Egyptian Arabic, ه- is a common future marker. It adds the idea of will or going to.

Compare:

• بشتغل = I work / I’m working
• هشتغل = I will work

So the ه- is the main reason this sentence refers to the future.

The base verb is اشتغل.

This verb commonly means to work, especially in everyday Egyptian Arabic when talking about having work, doing one’s job, or being on duty.

Some useful related forms:

• اشتغلت = I worked
• بشتغل = I work / I’m working
• هشتغل = I will work

يوم literally means day, and الخميس means Thursday.

So يوم الخميس literally means the day Thursday, but naturally it means on Thursday or simply Thursday.

In Egyptian Arabic, using يوم before a day of the week is very common.

You can often say just الخميس.

Both are natural, depending on context:

• هشتغل الخميس = I’ll work Thursday
• هشتغل يوم الخميس = I’ll work on Thursday

Adding يوم can make the time expression feel a little fuller or clearer, but both are normal.

A common pronunciation is:

hashtaghal yōm il-khamīs
or
hashtaghal yōm el-khamīs

A few notes:

• هشتغل is often pronounced something like hashtaghal
• خ in الخميس is the throaty kh sound, like the ch in German Bach
• الخميس keeps the l sound of the article, because خ is not a sun letter

Because خ is a moon letter, not a sun letter.

In Arabic, the ال article behaves differently depending on the next consonant:

• With sun letters, the l sound assimilates
• With moon letters, the l sound stays

Since خ is a moon letter, الخميس is pronounced el-khamīs or il-khamīs, not with doubled kh.

This is an important difference:

• هشتغل يوم الخميس = I will work on Thursday
  This points to the future.

• بشتغل يوم الخميس = I work on Thursday / I’m working on Thursday
  This can describe a routine, a schedule, or sometimes a present/future arrangement depending on context.

So if you specifically want will work, the ه- form is the clearer choice.

Yes. In Egyptian Arabic, the future marker is often written either ه or ح in informal writing.

So both of these may be used:

• هشتغل يوم الخميس
• حشتغل يوم الخميس

They usually represent the same idea: I will work on Thursday.

Spelling in colloquial Arabic is not as fixed as in Modern Standard Arabic, so variation like this is very common.

Because in Egyptian Arabic, اشتغل is a very common everyday verb for to work.

Compare:

• اشتغل = work, especially in the sense of having a job or being at work
• عمل = often do or make, though it can sometimes relate to work depending on context

So for I will work on Thursday, هشتغل sounds very natural.

Yes. In English, the difference between I will work and I’m going to work is often small in this kind of sentence, and هشتغل can cover both ideas.

So depending on context, this could be understood as:

• I will work on Thursday
• I’m going to work on Thursday

The exact nuance comes from the situation, not just the grammar.