هو عنده حظ كويس.

In everyday Egyptian Arabic, there is no normal present-tense verb used exactly like English have. Instead, possession is usually expressed with عند plus a pronoun suffix.

So:

• عندي = I have
• عندك = you have
• عنده = he has

That means عنده حظ كويس is literally something like at him there is good luck, but in natural English it means he has good luck or he is lucky.

You can often leave it out.

Both of these are natural:

• هو عنده حظ كويس
• عنده حظ كويس

The هو is often added for clarity, emphasis, or contrast, especially if you want to make it clear that you mean he and not someone else.

Because in Arabic, adjectives normally come after the noun they describe.

So:

• حظ كويس = good luck
• literally: luck good

This is the normal Arabic word order for noun + adjective.

Because كويس is describing حظ, not هو.

The noun حظ is grammatically masculine singular, so the adjective also stays masculine singular:

• حظ كويس

Even though the whole sentence is about a person, the adjective agrees with the noun حظ, not with the subject هو.

For comparison:

• عربية كويسة = a good car
  because عربية is feminine

كويس is a very common Egyptian Arabic word meaning good, fine, okay, or sometimes well, depending on context.

Here, in حظ كويس, it means good:

• حظ كويس = good luck

It is colloquial Egyptian. In more formal Arabic, you might see جيد, but in everyday Egyptian speech كويس is much more natural.

A common Egyptian-style pronunciation is roughly:

huwwa ʿando ḥaẓẓ kwayyis

A few notes:

• هو = huwwa
• عنده = ʿando
• حظ = roughly ḥaẓẓ; beginners can approximate it as hazz, but the ح is a deeper h
• كويس = kwayyis

You may also see slightly different spellings in Latin letters, like kwayyes or kuwayyis.

It can naturally be understood as either one.

Literally, the structure is closer to:

• he has good luck

But in normal English, the most natural translation is often:

• he is lucky

So the Arabic is talking about his luck, but the English meaning can easily be a description of the person.

You change the pronoun and the form of عند:

• هي عندها حظ كويس = She is lucky
• هم عندهم حظ كويس = They are lucky

Notice that كويس does not change here, because it still describes حظ, and حظ is still masculine singular.

In Egyptian Arabic, a common negative form is:

هو ماعندوش حظ كويس

This means:

• He doesn't have good luck
• or naturally, He isn't lucky

Here:

• ما...ش is the Egyptian negative pattern
• عنده becomes عندوش in this negative form

You may also see it written with a space:

• هو ما عندوش حظ كويس

Both represent the same spoken form.

Yes. Two very common alternatives are:

• حظه كويس = His luck is good
• هو محظوظ = He is lucky

These are all natural, but they feel slightly different:

• هو عنده حظ كويس focuses on the fact that he has good luck
• حظه كويس focuses directly on his luck
• هو محظوظ uses an adjective meaning lucky

All three are useful and common.

Because they are indefinite here.

• حظ كويس = good luck
• not the good luck

In Arabic, if the noun is definite, the adjective also has to be definite:

• الحظ الكويس = the good luck

But in this sentence, the indefinite form is the natural one.