Indirect W-questions

Indirect W-questions

Just as you can embed yes/no questions into sentences, you can also embed open-ended questions. This is useful for reporting news or politely asking for information.

Instead of a conjunction like ob (whether), you use the original question's W-word—such as was (what), warum (why), wo (where), wann (when), or wie (how)—to connect the two clauses.

Word order

An indirect W-question is a subordinate clause. Separate it from the main clause with a comma. The W-word sits right after the comma and sends the conjugated verb to the very end of the sentence.

I ask the female journalist what the topic is.
Ich frage die Journalistin, was das Thema ist.
The article shows how the journalist researches these numbers.
Der Artikel zeigt, wie der Journalist diese Zahlen recherchiert.

Separable verbs and the perfect tense

If the verb at the end of the indirect question is a separable verb, its prefix does not split off. It stays attached to the main verb.

Nobody knows when the interview takes place.
Niemand weiß, wann das Interview stattfindet.

In a compound tense like the Perfekt, the conjugated helping verb (haben or sein) goes to the very end, directly after the past participle.

The journalist is researching why the accident happened.
Der Journalist recherchiert, warum der Unfall passiert ist.
The boss confirms where he found the details.
Der Chef bestätigt, wo er die Details gefunden hat.

W-word phrases

Sometimes a W-word pairs with another word to form a question phrase (like "how late" or "how current"). The entire phrase acts as the question word, sitting together directly after the comma.

Can you confirm how current this news is?
Können Sie bestätigen, wie aktuell diese Nachrichten sind?

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