Adjective suffixes (-los, -voll)

Creating adjectives with -voll

Turn nouns into adjectives by adding suffixes. The suffix -voll corresponds to the English "-ful" and indicates an abundance of a quality. For example, adding it to der Humor creates humorvoll (humorous), and adding it to das Gefühl (feeling) creates gefühlvoll (emotional).

Like all adjectives, words ending in -voll take standard endings when placed directly before a noun.

The protagonist is a humorous man.
Der Protagonist ist ein humorvoller Mann.
The author develops an emotional protagonist.
Der Autor entwickelt einen gefühlvollen Protagonisten.

Indicating absence with -los

The exact opposite is the suffix -los, which works just like the English "-less" to indicate the absence of a quality.

A humorless character has no good traits.
Eine humorlose Figur hat keine guten Eigenschaften.
Why is this character so unfeeling?
Warum ist diese Figur so gefühllos?

Contrasting character traits

Because -voll and -los are direct opposites, they are perfect for contrasting characters. Common base nouns include die Fantasie (imagination) and die Hoffnung (hope).

The protagonist is very imaginative, while this character is unimaginative.
Der Protagonist ist sehr fantasievoll, während diese Figur fantasielos ist.
When the postman brought the letter, the woman was hopeful.
Als der Postbote den Brief brachte, war die Frau hoffnungsvoll.
When the perpetrator thought about the trial, he was hopeless.
Als der Täter an den Prozess dachte, war er hoffnungslos.