Indirect questions with question words

Indirect Questions with Question Words

When you ask for information, make a complaint, or ask for an explanation, you often embed a specific question into a broader statement (for example, "I wonder who broke this" or "Explain to me what the problem is").

In Finnish, forming these indirect questions is straightforward. If the question uses a question word — such as kuka (who), mikä (what), miksi (why), milloin (when), missä (where), or miten (how) — you simply attach the question clause to the main sentence, separated by a comma.

Because the question word already makes it clear that a question is being asked, you do not use the -ko/-kö clitic here.

I wonder who broke this new product.
Ihmettelen, kuka rikkoi tämän uuden tuotteen.
Explain to me what the fault is here.
Selitä minulle, mikä vika tässä on.
The customer wonders why this takes the whole day.
Asiakas ihmettelee, miksi tämä kestää koko päivän.

Common Verbs and Word Order

Indirect questions are commonly paired with verbs related to communication and thought.

to wonder
ihmetellä
to explain
selittää

The word order inside the embedded question clause generally remains exactly the same as it would be in a direct question: the question word comes immediately after the comma, usually followed by the subject and the verb.

I want to ask when the warranty ends.
Haluan kysyä, milloin takuu loppuu.
We are wondering where the receipt is.
Ihmettelemme, missä kuitti on.
The seller does not understand how the machine works.
Myyjä ei ymmärrä, miten kone toimii.

Connecting Multiple Indirect Questions

If you want to ask or explain multiple things in the same sentence, you can link two indirect questions together with words like ja (and).

The comma is placed before the first question word to separate the main clause from the questions, but you do not need an additional comma before the ja.

The customer asks why the new device is broken and what the reason is.
Asiakas kysyy, miksi uusi laite on rikki ja mikä syy on.

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