| after /since | setelah |
| getting old | mulai tua |
| after getting old | setelah mulai tua |
| after he got old | setelah ia mulai tua |
| joint | sendi |
| his joints | sendi-sendinya |
| rigid/stiff/awkward | kaku |
| his joints had become stiff | sendi-sendinya sudah kuka |
| After he got old and his joints were stiff | setelah ia mulai tua dan sendi-sendinya sudah kaku |
| the work | pekerjaannya |
| more | lebih banyak |
| was done | dilakukan |
| more of the work was done | pekerjaannya lebih banyak dilakukan |
| young (b) | bungsu |
| son | putra |
| his youngest son | putra bungsunya |
| more of the work was done by his youngest son | pekerjaannya lebih banyak dilakukan putra bungsunya |
| After he got old and his joints were stiff, more of the work was done by his youngest son Sam Gamgee. | Setelah ia mulai tua dan sendi-sendinya sudah kaku, pekerjaannya lebih banyak dilakukan putra bungsunya Sam Gamgee. |